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József Mindszenty
József Mindszenty , 1892-1975, Hungarian prelate, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was bishop of Veszprém during the German occupation of Hungary in World War II. His anti-German attitude led to his imprisonment for several months by the Hungarian puppet government. After the war he was made archbishop of Esztergom and Catholic primate of Hungary, and in 1946 he was raised to the cardinalate. A strong opponent of Communism, Mindszenty was arrested by the Hungarian government late in 1948 on the charges of treason and illegal monetary transactions. At a sensational public trial Mindszenty pleaded guilty to most charges. It was widely held that his confession had been obtained by drugging him, because he had disclaimed in advance any confession he might make in case of arrest. The court sentenced him to life imprisonment. Released from prison because of ill-health in 1955, Mindszenty was kept under close watch. During the Hungarian revolution he was freed by rebel forces. When the revolt was crushed, he took refuge in the U.S. legation and thereafter refused to leave Hungary unless the Hungarian government rescinded his conviction and sentence. In 1971, after an agreement between the Vatican and the Hungarian government, Mindszenty left Hungary for the Vatican. Shortly afterward, he settled in Vienna. In 1974, in an effort to improve church relations with Hungary, Pope Paul VI removed him as primate of Hungary. A selection of his writings was published as Cardinal Mindszenty Speaks (1949).
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"József Mindszenty." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 13 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "József Mindszenty." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 13, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Mindszen.html "József Mindszenty." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 13, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Mindszen.html |
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Mindszenty, József
Mindszenty, József (b. 29 Mar. 1892, d. 6 May 1975). Primate of Hungary 1945–74 Born József Pehm, he was ordained priest in 1915 and was appointed Bishop of Veszprém in 1944. He was a staunch and outspoken opponent of the Nazis and of their deportations of Jews to concentration camps. As Bishop of Esztergom from 1945, he continued his fight against totalitarianism in his vocal opposition to the increasingly Communist regime. In 1948, he was charged with currency offences (he had used Western money for his churches) and sentenced to life imprisonment, which was commuted to house arrest. He was released during the Hungarian Revolution, but was forced to seek refuge in the US embassy when Soviet forces entered Budapest. He was only able to leave the building to go abroad in 1971, following an agreement between the Vatican and the government.
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Cite this article
JAN PALMOWSKI. "Mindszenty, József." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 13 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JAN PALMOWSKI. "Mindszenty, József." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (February 13, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-MindszentyJzsef.html JAN PALMOWSKI. "Mindszenty, József." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Retrieved February 13, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-MindszentyJzsef.html |
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Mindszenty, József
Mindszenty, József (born József Pehm) (1892–1975) Hungarian prelate. He was imprisoned by the Hungarian puppet government (1944–45) and was sentenced to penal servitude for life, commuted to house detention. Freed at the time of the HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION, on the return of Soviet forces, he sought refuge in the US Legation in Budapest, staying there until 1971.
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Cite this article
"Mindszenty, József." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 13 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Mindszenty, József." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (February 13, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-MindszentyJzsef.html "Mindszenty, József." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved February 13, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-MindszentyJzsef.html |
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