Josephine

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Josephine

Josephine 1763-1814, empress of the French (1804-9) as the consort of Napoleon I . Born Marie Josèphe Rose Tascher de la Pagerie in Martinique, she was married in 1779 to Alexandre de Beauharnais . Two children were born, Eugène (later viceroy of Italy) and Hortense (later queen of Holland). Josephine's husband was guillotined during the French Revolution, in 1794, but she escaped with brief imprisonment. In 1796 she was married, by a civil ceremony, to Napoleon Bonaparte, whom she had met through Paul Barras . Before Napoleon became emperor, they were remarried in a religious ceremony. Josephine took a prominent part in the social life of the time. Napoleon had the marriage annulled in 1809 because of her alleged infertility, so that he might marry Marie Louise , daughter of the Austrian emperor Francis I (Holy Roman Emperor Francis II ). Thereafter Josephine lived in retirement at Malmaison.

Bibliography: See biographies by R. M. Wilson (1930), A. Castelot (tr. 1967), and C. Erickson (1999); study by F. Masson.

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"Josephine." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 16 Nov. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

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Josephine

A Dictionary of World History | 2000 | Â© A Dictionary of World History 2000, originally published by Oxford University Press 2000. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Josephine (born Marie Joséphine Rose Tascher de la Pagerie) (1763–1814) Empress of France (1796–1809). Born in the West Indies, she was married to the Viscount de Beauharnais before marrying Napoleon in 1796. Their marriage proved childless and Josephine was divorced by Napoleon in 1809.

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Josephine

The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable | 2006 | | Â© The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable 2006, originally published by Oxford University Press 2006. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Josephine (1763–1814), Empress of France 1804–9. She married Napoleon in 1796. Their marriage proved childless and she was divorced by Napoleon in 1809. She is remembered in the (probably apocryphal) words attributed to Napoleon, ‘Not tonight, Josephine’ (the phrase, current by the early 20th century, does not appear in contemporary sources).

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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Josephine." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Oxford University Press. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 16 Nov. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Josephine." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Oxford University Press. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (November 16, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Josephine.html

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Josephine." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Oxford University Press. 2006. Retrieved November 16, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Josephine.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Josephine: A Life of the Empress.(Review) Magazine article from: The Historian; 3/22/2001
	Josephine Wants to Dance.(Children's review)(Book review) Magazine article from: MBR Bookwatch; 1/1/2008
	Josephine as patroness of the arts.(Empress of France's patronage civilized her husband's court) Magazine article from: The Magazine Antiques; 9/1/2002

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