|
Search over 100 encyclopedias and dictionaries: |
Research categories | Follow us on Twitter |
Research categories
View all topics in the newsView all reference sources at Encyclopedia.com |
|||
Joint Chiefs of Staff
JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFFJOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF (JCS) came into existence in 1942. The JCS consisted of the chief of staff, U.S. Army; the chief of naval operations; and the chief of staff, U.S. Air Force. Their functions were to advise the president on the military, give strategic direction to the army and navy, and facilitate U.S.-British military cooperation. In 1949, an amendment to the National Security Act of 1947 established the position of chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; the chairman was to preside over the meetings of the JCS, but had no vote. Moreover, he was not to exercise military command over the JCS or any of the military services. In 1952, Public Law 82-416 authorized the commandant of the Marine Corps to meet with the JCS as a co-equal whenever any matter concerning the Marine Corps was under consideration. On 28 October 1978, Public Law 95-485 made the commandant of the corps a permanent and fully participating member of the JCS. The Goldwater-Nichols Act of 1986 prescribed the most important changes in the Joint Chiefs of Staff organization since 1949. It increased the responsibilities of the chairman, naming him the principal adviser to the president, the National Security Council, and the secretary of defense. The chairman was to attend and participate in meetings of the National Security Council, and his responsibilities were expanded to include assisting the president with strategic direction of the armed forces; preparing strategic plans and joint logistic and mobility plans; and advising the secretary of defense on requirements, programs, and budgets, particularly on budget proposals for activities of each unified and specified combatant command. In addition, the act created the position of vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to rank after the chairman and ahead of all other officers of the armed forces. BIBLIOGRAPHYMillett, Allan R. The Reorganization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: A Critical Analysis. Washington, D.C.: Pergamon-Brassey's, 1986. Robert S.Driscoll See alsoDefense, Department of ; National Security Council . |
|
|
Cite this article
"Joint Chiefs of Staff." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Joint Chiefs of Staff." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401802198.html "Joint Chiefs of Staff." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401802198.html |
|
Joint Chiefs of Staff
Joint Chiefs of Staff. In January 1942, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston S. Churchill created the Combined Chiefs of Staff (CCS) to direct global military strategy in World War II. The American contingent on the CCS, faced with the highly organized British Chiefs of Staff Committee as its counterpart, responded by forming the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), which first met on 9 February 1942. In addition to the military heads of the army, navy, and army air forces, the JCS included the presidential chief of staff as chairman. Supporting the body was an extensive committee system. The Joint Chiefs advised the president, served on the CCS, and, for the first time in American history, attempted to coordinate the work of the different military services.
The key role of the JCS in the Allied victory contributed to its continuation after the war, but its limited success in achieving interservice cooperation led to the creation of the Department of Defense by the National Security Act of 1947. This act officially established the JCS as the military advisers to the president and the secretary of defense. Amendments specified that its chairman come from one of the services and work independently of the president's staff. In later legislation, civilian control over the JCS increased. The Marine Corps commandant, granted a partial vote in 1952, became a full member in 1978. A major reorganization in 1986 designated the chairman of the JCS, instead of the entire body, as the primary military adviser to the president, the secretary of defense, and the National Security Council. See also Federal Government, Executive Branch: Department of Defense; Military, The. Bibliography Lawrence J. Korb , The Joint Chiefs of Staff: The First Twenty‐five Years, 1976. Anne Sharp Wells |
|
|
Cite this article
Paul S. Boyer. "Joint Chiefs of Staff." The Oxford Companion to United States History. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. Paul S. Boyer. "Joint Chiefs of Staff." The Oxford Companion to United States History. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O119-JointChiefsofStaff.html Paul S. Boyer. "Joint Chiefs of Staff." The Oxford Companion to United States History. 2001. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O119-JointChiefsofStaff.html |
|
Joint Chiefs of Staff
Joint Chiefs of Staff U.S. statutory agency, created in 1949 within the Dept. of Defense. The chairman is the principal military adviser to the President, the National Security Council, and the Secretary of Defense. Members include the chairman, appointed by the President with Senate approval; the chief of staff, U.S. army; the chief of naval operations; the chief of staff, U.S. air force; the commandant of the U.S. Marine Corps, and a vice chairman who manages the Joint Staff. The Joint Chiefs prepare military plans and direct unified and other combat commands under the Secretary of Defense. |
|
|
Cite this article
"Joint Chiefs of Staff." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Joint Chiefs of Staff." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-JointChi.html "Joint Chiefs of Staff." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-JointChi.html |
|
Joint Chiefs of Staff
Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) US military body, principal advisors to the president, the National Security Council, and the Secretary of Defense. Its responsibilities include planning the strategy of the armed forces. The JCS consists of a chairman and the chiefs of staff of the Army, Air Force and Navy, and, when necessary, the commandant of the Marine Corps.
|
|
|
Cite this article
"Joint Chiefs of Staff." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Joint Chiefs of Staff." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-JointChiefsofStaff.html "Joint Chiefs of Staff." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-JointChiefsofStaff.html |
|
Joint Chiefs of Staff
Joint Chiefs of Staff • n. the chiefs of staff of the U.S. Army and Air Force, the commandant of the U.S. Marine Corps, and the chief of U.S. Naval Operations. This group's chairman, selected from one of the branches, is the highest-ranking military adviser to the president of the U.S. |
|
|
Cite this article
"Joint Chiefs of Staff." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Joint Chiefs of Staff." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-jointchiefsofstaff.html "Joint Chiefs of Staff." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-jointchiefsofstaff.html |
|
Joint Chiefs of Staff
Joint Chiefs of Staff JCS or J.C.S. the primary military advisory group to the president of the United States, comprised of the chiefs of each of the armed forces—the Air Force, Army, Navy—and the commandant of the Marine Corps.
|
|
|
Cite this article
"Joint Chiefs of Staff." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Joint Chiefs of Staff." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-JointChiefsofStaff.html "Joint Chiefs of Staff." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-JointChiefsofStaff.html |
|
Search over 100 encyclopedias and dictionaries:
HighBeam™ Research, Inc. © Copyright 2012. All rights reserved.
The Encyclopedia.com advertising network includes:
