John Rushworth Jellicoe 1st Earl Jellicoe

John Rushworth Jellicoe Jellicoe, 1st Earl 1859-1935, British admiral. Crowning a naval career begun in 1872, he served (1914-16) as commander in chief of the Grand Fleet in World War I. His tactics at the inconclusive battle of Jutland won him some praise and much censure. As first sea lord (1916-17) he opposed the introduction of convoys to combat the German submarine campaign and was dismissed by Lloyd George. He was (1920-24) governor-general of New Zealand, and became an earl in 1925. He wrote The Grand Fleet, 1914-16 (1919) and The Crisis of the Naval War (1921).

Jellicoe, John Rushworth, 1st Earl Jellicoe (b. 5 Dec. 1859, d. 20 Nov. 1935). British admiral Born in Southampton, and educated at nearby private schools, he joined the Royal Navy in 1872. He was made a captain in 1897, and served in East Asia. In 1901, he entered the Admiralty as an inspector of ships, and served at sea again, before becoming a Rear-Admiral in 1907. In 1908, as Controller at the Admiralty, he was involved in discussions over the new dreadnought class of ships. In 1910 he was made Commander of the Atlantic Fleet, and in 1911, he became second-in-command of the Home Fleet. From 1912, he was Second Sea Lord at the Admiralty, and just before the outbreak of World War I, he was made Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Fleet. In June 1916, the Royal Navy fought the Battle of Jutland; it suffered heavier casualties than the Germans, and Jellicoe was criticized for excessive caution. At the end of 1916, he became First Sea Lord, being succeeded by Beatty as Commander-in-Chief. In the face of the U-boat campaign against British commerce, he implemented the convoy system. However, Lloyd George thought him unimaginative, and he was dismissed in December 1917. He was governor-general of New Zealand in 1920–4.

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