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Hume, John
Hume, John (b. 18 Jan. 1937). Nationalist politician in Northern Ireland Born in Londonderry, he studied at St Patrick's College, Maynooth, and became a teacher. He rose to prominence in 1968 through his involvement in the civil rights movement, as vice-chairman of the Derry Citizens' Action Committee. In 1969 he was elected for Foyle as an independent member of the Stormont Parliament. A founder member of the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) in 1970, he became its leader in 1979. He was elected to the European Parliament in the same year. In 1983 he was elected to the British House of Commons, and since then he has taken the lead in trying to arrange talks between all groups in Northern Ireland. He conducted talks with Gerry Adams in 1988 and 1993. After the Downing Street Declaration, he was one of the principal influences on the British government's position not to give up on Sinn Féin despite repeated IRA bomb attacks during the mid-1990s. This was rewarded by the accelerating pace of negotiations from 1997, which led to the Good Friday Agreement. Hume was strongly urged to succeed Mary Robinson as Irish President, but he chose instead to retire from politics. He resigned his seat in the Northern Irish Assembly in 2000, and in 2001 he resigned as leader of his party. He did, however, remain as a Member of the British and European Parliament. In 1998, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize together with David Trimble.
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JAN PALMOWSKI. "Hume, John." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JAN PALMOWSKI. "Hume, John." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-HumeJohn.html JAN PALMOWSKI. "Hume, John." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-HumeJohn.html |
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John Hume
John Hume 1937–, Northern Irish political leader, grad. St. Patrick's College, Univ. of Ireland (B.A., 1958; M.A., 1964). A moderate Catholic, he devoted his career to the peaceful settlement of sectarian conflicts in his homeland. A founding member (1970) of the nonsectarian, nonviolent Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), Hume was a member of Northern Ireland's parliament (1969–72) and assembly (1972–73). Leader of the SDLP (1979–2001), he was elected to the European parliament in 1979 and to the British parliament in 1983. Despite severe criticism, he held talks (1988–93) with Gerry Adams , leader of Sinn Féin , which resulted in the Hume-Adams Initiative, a basis for multiparty peace talks and the 1994 ceasefire. Hume, Adams, and the pro-British Ulster Unionist party leader David Trimble later participated in multicountry negotiations that resulted in the historic 1998 peace agreement. Hume subsequently (1998–2000) served as a member of the new Northern Irish assembly. He and Trimble were co-recipients of the 1998 Nobel Peace Prize; Hume was also awarded the 2001 Gandhi Peace Prize.
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"John Hume." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "John Hume." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-HumeJohn.html "John Hume." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-HumeJohn.html |
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Hume, John
Hume, John (1937– ) Northern Irish politician, leader (1983–2001) of the nationalist Social Democratic Labour Party (SDLP). He was a founding member and president (1964–68) of the Credit Union League. He entered Parliament in 1983. His commitment to peace in Northern Ireland helped secure an IRA cease-fire. Hume shared the 1998 Nobel Peace Prize with David Trimble, leader of the Ulster Unionist Party.
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"Hume, John." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Hume, John." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-HumeJohn.html "Hume, John." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-HumeJohn.html |
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Hume, John
Hume, John (1937– ) Northern Irish politician, leader of the Social Democratic and Labour Party from 1979. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998 with David TRIMBLE for his role in negotiating peace in Northern Ireland.
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Cite this article
"Hume, John." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Hume, John." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-HumeJohn.html "Hume, John." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-HumeJohn.html |
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