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Howard, John
Howard, John (c.1726–90), prison reformer. A man of Evangelical piety, in 1773 he became High Sheriff of Bedford; what he saw of the afflictions of both tried and untried prisoners in the country gaol inspired him to work for reform. He secured official salaries for gaolers: he travelled widely visiting prisons and quarantine hospitals, and wrote The State of the Prisons (1777). The Howard League for Penal Reform, a small influential voluntary body, was founded in his memory in 1866.
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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Howard, John." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Howard, John." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-HowardJohn.html E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Howard, John." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-HowardJohn.html |
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Howard, John
Howard, John (1726–90) British philanthropist and prison reformer. In 1773 his sense of horror at conditions in Bedford jail led him to undertake a tour of British prisons; this culminated the following year in two Acts of Parliament setting down sanitary standards. His work The State of Prisons in England and Wales (1777) gave further impetus to the movement for improvements in the design and management of prisons.
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"Howard, John." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Howard, John." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-HowardJohn.html "Howard, John." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-HowardJohn.html |
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John Howard
John Howard 1726–90, English prison reformer. He had great influence in improving sanitary conditions and securing humane treatment in prisons throughout Europe. He was responsible (1774) for persuading the House of Commons to enact a set of penal reform acts.
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Cite this article
"John Howard." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "John Howard." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-HowardJ.html "John Howard." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-HowardJ.html |
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