Crime and Law Enforcement: Biographies

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Howard, John

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church | 2000 | | Copyright

Howard, John (c.1726–90), prison reformer. A man of Evangelical piety, in 1773 he became High Sheriff of Bedford; what he saw of the afflictions of both tried and untried prisoners in the country gaol inspired him to work for reform. He secured official salaries for gaolers: he travelled widely visiting prisons and quarantine hospitals, and wrote The State of the Prisons (1777). The Howard League for Penal Reform, a small influential voluntary body, was founded in his memory in 1866.

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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Howard, John." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Howard, John." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-HowardJohn.html

E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Howard, John." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-HowardJohn.html

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Howard, John

A Dictionary of World History | 2000 | Copyright

Howard, John (1726–90) British philanthropist and prison reformer. In 1773 his sense of horror at conditions in Bedford jail led him to undertake a tour of British prisons; this culminated the following year in two Acts of Parliament setting down sanitary standards. His work The State of Prisons in England and Wales (1777) gave further impetus to the movement for improvements in the design and management of prisons.

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"Howard, John." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-HowardJohn.html

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John Howard

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

John Howard 1726–90, English prison reformer. He had great influence in improving sanitary conditions and securing humane treatment in prisons throughout Europe. He was responsible (1774) for persuading the House of Commons to enact a set of penal reform acts.

Bibliography: See biographies by M. Southwood (1958) and D. L. Howard (1963).

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"John Howard." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-HowardJ.html

"John Howard." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-HowardJ.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	The Howard years: an evaluation. Magazine article from: The Australian Journal of Politics and History; 9/1/2009
	Howard wants more responsibility in Wizards offense.(Sports) Newspaper article from: The Washington Times (Washington, DC); 11/23/1999
	Wizards' Howard wants to hear more cheers and less jeers at MCI.(Sports) Newspaper article from: The Washington Times (Washington, DC); 11/28/2000