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Ussher, James
Ussher, James (1581–1656), Church of Ireland bishop and scholar. Born of an established Anglo‐Irish family in Dublin, Ussher was educated there in the newly founded Trinity College, staying on to become professor of theological controversies. In 1621 he was appointed to the see of Meath, two years later he was made a privy counsellor, and in 1625 King James promoted him to Armagh.
Ussher was a meticulous scholar with an international reputation in the fields of biblical chronology and early church history. Together with other Protestant and Catholic scholars such as Ware and the Franciscan John Colgan, he made a major contribution to the study of St Patrick and the early Irish church. At the same time he used these researches to construct a legitimate parentage for the Church of Ireland, seeking to demonstrate in his A Discourse on the Religion Anciently Professed by the Irish and British (1623) that it was the heir of a largely Protestant Celtic Christianity. Theologically, Ussher was a firm Calvinist, deeply hostile both to Catholicism and to the alleged abandonment of the doctrine of predestination by a supposed ‘Arminian’ party within the Church of England. He devoted much of his scholarly energies to controversial theology, seeking to refute Catholic doctrine in great detail. As a churchman, though anxious whenever possible to secure time for academic research, he was a reliable administrator and responsible leader, using his position as privy counsellor to defend the church and its property. After the new lord deputy, Thomas Wentworth, imposed the English Thirty‐Nine Articles on the Church of Ireland in 1634, Ussher, always a stout defender of the independence of the Irish church, largely withdrew from public political life, leaving the task of running the Irish church to Wentworth's ally John Bramhall. In 1640 Ussher visited England, being forced to remain there permanently by the outbreak of the rising in 1641. He played a subsidiary role in the events leading up to the Civil War, advising the king, and ministering to Wentworth before his execution. Though a firm royalist, his tolerance of puritans in Ireland ensured that he was respected by Cromwell, who, when Ussher died on 21 March 1656, ordered that he be buried in Westminster abbey. Bibliography Knox, R. B. , James Ussher Archbishop of Armagh (1967) Alan Ford |
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"Ussher, James." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Ussher, James." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O245-UssherJames.html "Ussher, James." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O245-UssherJames.html |
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James Ussher
James Ussher , 1581–1656, Irish prelate and scholar. While a fellow (1599–1605) of Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained (1601). By 1605 he was chancellor of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. In 1615 a convocation of clergy called upon him to draft the articles of doctrine and discipline of the Irish Protestant church. These showed a Calvinistic tendency. In 1620 or 1621 he became bishop of Meath and later (1625) archbishop of Armagh. He often went to England, where he enjoyed association with noted scholars and statesmen. He was there when the Irish rebellion of 1641 broke out, and he never returned to Ireland. Although he refused to sit (1643) in the Westminster Assembly and upheld the doctrine of the divine right of kings, he was in 1647 elected preacher of Lincoln's Inn; by Cromwell's order he was given a state funeral in Westminster Abbey. His learning, attested by his numerous works in Latin and English, awakened great admiration. In his chronological study, the Annales Veteris et Novi Testamenti (2 vol., 1650–54), Ussher worked out a system of dates (setting the creation at 4004 BC) afterward long used in some editions of the King James Version of the Bible. His works were edited by C. R. Elrington and J. H. Todd (17 vol., 1847–64).
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"James Ussher." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "James Ussher." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Ussher.html "James Ussher." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Ussher.html |
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Ussher, James
Ussher, James (1581–1656). Archbishop of Armagh. Born in Dublin and educated at Trinity College, Dublin, Ussher was successively professor of divinity, vice-chancellor (1615), bishop of Meath (1621), and archbishop (1625). He drafted the 104 Articles approved by the Dublin convocation (1615). On returning from absence in England (1623–6), he signed the Irish bishops' protest against toleration of popery (1626). Despite his predestinarian theology, he was friendly with Laud. During his tenure the disputed primacy of Ireland was settled in Armagh's favour and the Bible in Irish language was permitted, but Scottish settlers resented the imposition of unmodified Anglican articles. After leaving Ireland (1640), he held the see of Carlisle in commendam. Though suggesting modified episcopacy with synods (1641) acceptable to presbyterians like Baxter, he remained an episcopalian royalist. Ussher was a distinguished scholar, contributing to early Irish history and biblical chronology: his argument that the world was created in 4004 bc held the field for decades.
Revd Dr William M. Marshall |
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JOHN CANNON. "Ussher, James." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Ussher, James." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-UssherJames.html JOHN CANNON. "Ussher, James." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-UssherJames.html |
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Ussher, James
Ussher, James (1581–1656). Archbishop of Armagh. Born in Dublin and educated at Trinity College, Dublin, Ussher was successively professor of divinity, vice‐chancellor (1615), bishop of Meath (1621), and archbishop (1625). On returning from absence in England (1623–6), he signed the Irish bishops’ protest against toleration of popery (1626). Despite his predestinarian theology, he was friendly with Laud. During his tenure the disputed primacy of Ireland was settled in Armagh's favour and the Bible in Irish language was permitted. After leaving Ireland (1640), he held the see of Carlisle in commendam. Ussher was a distinguished scholar, contributing to early Irish history and biblical chronology: his argument that the world was created in 4004 BC held the field for decades.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Ussher, James." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Ussher, James." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-UssherJames.html JOHN CANNON. "Ussher, James." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-UssherJames.html |
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Ussher, James
Ussher, James (1581–1656), Abp. of Armagh from 1625. A scholar of vast learning, he was an authority on a wide range of subjects, including biblical chronology and the early history of Ireland. He distinguished the seven genuine letters of St Ignatius from the later spurious ones, whose existence had previously discredited the whole collection. After the Irish rebellion in 1641 he remained in England.
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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Ussher, James." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Ussher, James." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-UssherJames.html E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Ussher, James." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-UssherJames.html |
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Ussher, James
Ussher, James (1581–1656). Anglican archbishop of Armagh, Ireland. A scholar of vast learning, he was an authority on such diverse subjects as the letters of Ignatius (of which he distinguished the seven genuine ones) and the early history of Ireland. He is probably best remembered today in connection with his scheme based on the genealogies, according to which, e.g. the world was created in 4004 BCE.
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JOHN BOWKER. "Ussher, James." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN BOWKER. "Ussher, James." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-UssherJames.html JOHN BOWKER. "Ussher, James." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-UssherJames.html |
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Ussher, James
Ussher, James (1581–1656), became archbishop of Armagh in 1625. His chief work is the Annales Veteris et Novi Testamenti, a chronological summary in Latin of the history of the world from the Creation to the dispersion of the Jews under Vespasian, said to be the source of the dates later inserted in the margins of the Authorized Version of the Bible, which fixed the Creation at 23 Oct. 4004 bc.
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MARGARET DRABBLE and JENNY STRINGER. "Ussher, James." The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. MARGARET DRABBLE and JENNY STRINGER. "Ussher, James." The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O54-UssherJames.html MARGARET DRABBLE and JENNY STRINGER. "Ussher, James." The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature. 2003. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O54-UssherJames.html |
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Ussher, James
Ussher, James (d. 1656) Irish Anglican archbishop, who produced a scheme of biblical chronology, beginning with Creation in 4004 BCE, a date long perpetuated in editions of AV.
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W. R. F. BROWNING. "Ussher, James." A Dictionary of the Bible. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. W. R. F. BROWNING. "Ussher, James." A Dictionary of the Bible. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O94-UssherJames.html W. R. F. BROWNING. "Ussher, James." A Dictionary of the Bible. 1997. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O94-UssherJames.html |
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James Usher
James Usher see Ussher, James . |
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Cite this article
"James Usher." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "James Usher." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-Usher-Ja.html "James Usher." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-Usher-Ja.html |
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