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Bell, James Franklin
Bell, James Franklin (1856–1919) brigadier general, born near Shelbyville, Kentucky. Bell wrote the first U.S. Army manual on the conduct of maneuvers. Bell was the commandant of the General Service and Staff College at Fort Leavenworth and was appointed by PresidentTheodore Roosevelt as fourth chief of staff of the U.S. Army (1906). In the Spanish-American War (1898), Bell was chief of military intelligence for the Philippine Expeditionary Force (later VIII Corps), commanded the 36th Volunteer Infantry, and conducted negotiations with Emilio Aguinaldo. He won the Congressional Medal of Honor near Porac, Luzon, Philippines (1899). In the guerrilla war that followed, as the army's premier counterinsurgency expert, Bell crushed Filipino resistance in the northern Philippines (1902).
Bell is also noteworthy for having convinced Roosevelt that the navy should locate its main Pacific base at Pearl Harbor rather than in the Philippines. |
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Cite this article
"Bell, James Franklin." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Bell, James Franklin." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-BellJamesFranklin.html "Bell, James Franklin." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-BellJamesFranklin.html |
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Ann Smith Franklin
Ann Smith Franklin 1696–1763, American printer; sister-in-law of Benjamin Franklin. After the death in 1735 of her husband, James Franklin, she carried on his commercial printing business, in Newport, R.I., aided by two daughters and her son James. She printed a series of almanacs: the first numbers (1728–35) were written by Joseph Stafford and published by James Franklin. Those published from 1736 to 1741 she wrote herself. Franklin published the Newport Mercury and, as colony printer, printed its many legal documents and its paper money. In 1748 her son James became her partner. |
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Cite this article
"Ann Smith Franklin." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Ann Smith Franklin." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-FranklinA.html "Ann Smith Franklin." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-FranklinA.html |
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