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Nonintercourse Act
NONINTERCOURSE ACTNONINTERCOURSE ACT. In 1807, in response to violations by France and England to American sovereignty, Congress closed its ports and prohibited international trade. The Embargo Act, however, failed to change the French and English policy toward the United States. As a result, Congress lifted the comprehensive embargo on American commercial activity and passed a new act designed to punish only those nations who violated American neutrality. On 1 March 1809, the Nonintercourse Act replaced the Embargo Act, allowing transatlantic trade to resume. The act, which went into effect on 20 May, suspended trade with only France and England until one of them would "revoke or modify her edicts, as that they shall cease to violate the neutral commerce of the United States." The act prohibited their ships from entering American ports and decreed it illegal for citizens of the United States to have "any intercourse with, or to afford any aid or supplies" to any French or English ships. The act also authorized naval officers and customs officials to seize merchandise from ships in violation of the law. Unfortunately, the Nonintercourse Act, like the Embargo Act, failed to change French and English policy. It was repealed on 1 May 1810 in favor of what became known as Macon's Bill No. 2, which conceded defeat and reopened trade with both nations. BIBLIOGRAPHYSmelser, Marshall. The Democratic Republic: 1801–1815. New York: Harper, 1968. KeithPacholl See alsoEmbargo Act ; Macon's Bill No. 2 . |
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"Nonintercourse Act." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Nonintercourse Act." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401803004.html "Nonintercourse Act." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401803004.html |
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Indian Trade and Intercourse Act
INDIAN TRADE AND INTERCOURSE ACTINDIAN TRADE AND INTERCOURSE ACT. The Indian Trade and Intercourse Act was a set of measures enacted between 1790 and 1847 to improve relations with American Indians by granting the United States government sole authority to regulate interactions between Indians and non-Indians. The sale of Indian lands to individuals or states was forbidden. An 1834 renewal of the act also designated all U.S. lands west of the Mississippi River (except Louisiana, Missouri, and Arkansas Territory) as Indian Territory. Indian Territory gradually shrank and eventually vanished with the creation of Oklahoma in 1906. In spite of this reversal, the Penobscots and Passamaquoddies of Maine referred to the act in their 1972 suit for lands taken from them illegally in 1792. In 1980 they were awarded $81 million, which they used to expand reservation lands. BIBLIOGRAPHYPrucha, Francis Paul. The Great Father: The United States Government and the American Indians. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1995. Paul W.Gates/j. h. See alsoIndian Policy, U.S., 1775–1830 ; Indian Territory ; Passamaquoddy/Penobscot ; andvol. 9:Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851 . |
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"Indian Trade and Intercourse Act." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Indian Trade and Intercourse Act." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401802053.html "Indian Trade and Intercourse Act." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401802053.html |
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Non-Intercourse Act
Non-Intercourse Act a restriction passed by Congress on March 1, 1809, before the War of 1812, to forbid direct American trade with European belligerents and in response to British control of American trade. It was used as a coercive measure to deprive France and England of the American commercial market until they resolved their economic warfare and returned to neutral trade policies.
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"Non-Intercourse Act." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Non-Intercourse Act." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-NonIntercourseAct.html "Non-Intercourse Act." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-NonIntercourseAct.html |
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Nonintercourse Act
Nonintercourse Act see Embargo Act of 1807 . |
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"Nonintercourse Act." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Nonintercourse Act." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-Noninter.html "Nonintercourse Act." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-Noninter.html |
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