Il Sodoma

Il Sodoma , c.1477-1549, Sienese painter, whose real name was Giovanni Antonio Bazzi. Born in Vercelli, Piedmont, he went to Rome c.1508. Commissioned by Pope Julius II, he painted frescoes in the Camera della Segnatura in the Vatican. Raphael's frescoes afterward replaced most of his work there. For Agostino Chigi in the Farnesina Villa, Sodoma painted two frescoes, The Marriage of Alexander and Alexander in the Tent of Darius. In Siena and its vicinity he produced many works, executed in a saccharine style. Among these paintings are scenes from the life of St. Catherine (San Domenico) and from the life of St. Benedict (Monte Oliveto).

Sodoma, Il ( Giovanni Antonio Bazzi) (b Vercelli, 1477; d Siena, 15 Feb. 1549). Italian painter, active chiefly in and around Siena, where he settled in about 1500, but also in Rome. Vasari, who disliked him, explains the origin of his nickname (the sodomite) in this fashion: ‘His manner of life was licentious and dishonourable, and as he always had boys and beardless youths about him of whom he was inordinately fond, this earned him the nickname of Sodoma; but instead of feeling shame, he gloried in it, writing stanzas and verses on it, and singing them to the accompaniment of the lute.’ Sodoma (who was married and had children) himself used the name in his signature, and Vasari's account has been questioned. Vasari also tells us that Sodoma kept a menagerie of strange animals ‘so that his home resembled a veritable Noah's ark’. He was a prolific painter of frescos and easel pictures, and he drew on a variety of sources that were not always fully digested; consequently his work often has incongruous juxtapositions and a general air of uncoordination, but it also possesses charm and a flair for decoration. His fresco of the Marriage of Alexander and Roxane (c.1516), painted for the banker Agostino Chigi in his villa (now the Villa Farnesina) in Rome, is often cited as his finest work. In his time Sodoma was considered the leading artist in Siena, but later critics have come to rank Beccafumi above him.