Military Affairs: Biographies

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military Further reading

Henry Shrapnel

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Henry Shrapnel , 1761–1842, British general, inventor of the shrapnel shell. The shell, consisting of a steel case filled with bullets and an explosive charge, is fired in midair by a time fuse and scatters shot and shell fragments with great and deadly force over a wide area. Adopted by the British army in 1803, this antipersonnel weapon became important in modern warfare. An artillery officer, Henry Shrapnel also improved the construction of howitzers, mortars, and small arms.

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Shrapnel, Henry

The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military | 2001 | Copyright

Shrapnel, Henry (1761–1842) the English artillery officer who invented the antipersonnel projectile named for him. Small shot or spherical bullets (usually lead) are loaded into a projectile, along with an explosive charge. When the charge explodes, it sends the metal fragments flying into enemy troops at extremely high speeds. It was first used in 1804. In World War I, shrapnel caused most of the wounds inflicted by artillery.

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"Shrapnel, Henry." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Shrapnel, Henry." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-ShrapnelHenry.html

"Shrapnel, Henry." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-ShrapnelHenry.html

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