Grenoble

Grenoble , city (1990 pop. 153,973), capital of Isère dept., SE France, on the Isère River at the foot of the Alps. It is the hydroelectric center of France and has an important nuclear-research center. Metals, electrical equipment, chemicals, and food products are the chief manufactures. An ancient city of the Allobroges and a Roman city, Grenoble came under the Burgundians (5th cent.), the Franks (6th cent.), and the kingdom of Provence (9th-11th cent.). When that kingdom broke up, Grenoble became a possession of the dauphins of Viennois; Dauphiné along with its capital, Grenoble, passed to the French crown in 1349. The parlement of Grenoble was strongly anti-Royalist during the French Revolution. In Grenoble are a famous university (founded 1339); the Cathedral of Notre Dame (12-13th cent.); the Church of St. André (13th-14th cent.), which contains the tomb of the military hero Pierre Bayard; the Renaissance palace of the dauphins (now the courthouse); and an art museum. Another museum is devoted to Stendhal, who was born in Grenoble. Near the city is the Grande Chartreuse , a monastery founded in 1084. Grenoble is a noted tourist and skiing center and was the site of the 1968 winter Olympics.

Grenoble, Rhône‐Alpes/France Cularo, Gratianopolis, Grelibre Originally a Gaulish settlement. The present name has evolved from the Roman Gratianopolis ‘City of Gratian’ after Gratian (359–83), Roman emperor (375–83). Grelibre was used in 1793 for a short time during the period of the French Revolution, begun in 1789, because noble was considered to show an unhealthy connection with the nobility; libre ‘free’ was thought to be more in tune with the prevailing social conditions.