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Glencoe massacre
Glencoe massacre. The massacre, on 13 February 1692, has remained one of the most potent ‘myths’ in Scottish history. As part of the pacification of the Highlands after the collapse of the Jacobite rising of 1689–90 a royal order required all clan chieftains to take an oath of allegiance to William and Mary. The chief of the Macdonalds who lived in Glencoe, 10 miles from Fort William on the north-west coast of Scotland, did so, but only after the time limit of 1 January. The Scottish secretary, Sir John Dalrymple, and the administration in Edinburgh used his lateness as a pretext to send a force to Glencoe to exact the submission of a clan known to be Jacobite in its sympathies. The officers and men of this force were Campbells, hereditary enemies of the Macdonalds, who had raided Campbell land as recently as 1690. After being given traditional Highland hospitality the soldiers turned on and massacred some 40 of their hosts, and many of those who escaped soon died in winter storms. William had not authorized the action, but he did not punish those held to be responsible by a 1695 commission of inquiry. His failure was vociferously exploited by Jacobite propaganda.
J. R. Jones |
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JOHN CANNON. "Glencoe massacre." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Glencoe massacre." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Glencoemassacre.html JOHN CANNON. "Glencoe massacre." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Glencoemassacre.html |
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Glencoe massacre
Glencoe massacre As part of the pacification of the Highlands after the collapse of the Jacobite rising of 1689–90 a royal order required all clan chieftains to take an oath of allegiance to William and Mary. The chief of the Macdonalds of Glencoe, near Fort William, did so, but only after the time limit of 1 January. The Scottish secretary, Sir John Dalrymple, used his lateness as a pretext to send a force to Glencoe to exact submission. The officers and men of this force were Campbells, hereditary enemies of the Macdonalds. After being given traditional Highland hospitality, on 13 February 1692 the soldiers massacred some 40 of their hosts, and many of those who escaped perished in winter storms.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Glencoe massacre." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Glencoe massacre." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Glencoemassacre.html JOHN CANNON. "Glencoe massacre." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Glencoemassacre.html |
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Glencoe, Massacre of
Glencoe, Massacre of (13 February 1692) A massacre for political reasons of members of the Macdonald clan in Scotland. By failing to swear allegiance to WILLIAM III by 1 January 1692, the rebellious clan Macdonald was technically guilty of treason; their chief's delaying tactics had been compounded by bad weather, and his oath was six days late. The Campbells, hereditary enemies of the Macdonalds, undertook to destroy them, which they attempted after enjoying Macdonald hospitality for 12 days. The clan chief and more than 30 of his followers were murdered, but the rest (about 300) escaped. Although the king probably did not order the atrocity, he did little to punish the perpetrators.
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"Glencoe, Massacre of." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Glencoe, Massacre of." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-GlencoeMassacreof.html "Glencoe, Massacre of." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-GlencoeMassacreof.html |
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Glencoe, Massacre of
Glencoe, Massacre of a massacre in 1692 of members of the Jacobite MacDonald clan by Campbell soldiers, which took place near Glencoe in the Scottish Highlands.
The MacDonald clan failed to swear allegiance to William III, making them liable to military punishment. Soldiers from the Campbell clan, who had been billeted on the MacDonalds for twelve days, murdered the MacDonald chief and about thirty of his followers, while the rest of the clan escaped. The chief of the Campbell clan, which had a long-standing feud with the MacDonalds, was held responsible, although the massacre was almost certainly instigated by the government. |
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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Glencoe, Massacre of." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Glencoe, Massacre of." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-GlencoeMassacreof.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Glencoe, Massacre of." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-GlencoeMassacreof.html |
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