Frederick V

Frederick V 1723-66, king of Denmark and Norway (1746-66), son and successor of Christian VI. Frederick's reign was one of commercial expansion and prosperity. Loans, subsidies, and treaties aided industry, and a strong system of protection was introduced. The conditions of the peasantry, however, remained poor. In 1757 a commission was appointed to study agricultural affairs. During Frederick's rule foreign affairs were conducted by J. H. E. Bernstorff . Frederick was succeeded by his son, Christian VII.

Frederick V (the Winter King) (1596–1632) Elector Palatine (1610–20) and King of Bohemia (1619–20). In 1613 he married Elizabeth, daughter of JAMES I of England. He then assumed the leadership of the German Protestant Union, and accepted the Bohemian crown when it was offered, following the deposition of FERDINAND II in November 1619. Thenceforth his fortunes followed the course of the THIRTY YEARS WAR, a struggle in which he took little personal part after his defeat at the Battle of the White Mountain (November 1620). He withdrew to The Hague, and forfeited the Palatinate. GEORGE I of Great Britain (1660–1727) was his grandson.

Frederick V (1596–1623) (Winter King) Elector Palatine (1610–20), King of Bohemia (1619–20). A Calvinist prince of the Wittelsbach family, he married the daughter of James I of England (1613). In 1619, he was chosen as King in preference to the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II, provoking the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War. Defeat at the Battle of the White Mountain (1620) resulted in the loss of Frederick's titles.