Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse

Four Horsemen

Four Horsemen, was a phrase used during the mid‐1930s to describe Pierce Butler, Willis Van Devanter, George Sutherland, and James McReynolds, four justices of the Supreme Court who consistently opposed New Deal economic and social legislation. Originally employed by their critics, the term evoked the legendary “Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse.”

James W. Ely, Jr.

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KERMIT L. HALL. "Four Horsemen." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 9 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

KERMIT L. HALL. "Four Horsemen." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 9, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O184-FourHorsemen.html

KERMIT L. HALL. "Four Horsemen." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. 2005. Retrieved February 09, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O184-FourHorsemen.html

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Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse

Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse , allegorical figures in the Book of Revelation in the Bible. The rider on the white horse has many interpretations—one is that he represents Christ; the rider on the red horse is war; on the black horse is famine; and on the pale horse, death.

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"Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 9 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 9, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-FourHors.html

"Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 09, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-FourHors.html

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Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse

Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. Biblical figures signalling the beginning of the messianic age. They occur in Revelation 6.

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JOHN BOWKER. "Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 9 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN BOWKER. "Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (February 9, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-FourHorsemenoftheApoclyps.html

JOHN BOWKER. "Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved February 09, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-FourHorsemenoftheApoclyps.html

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