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Balliol, Edward
Balliol, Edward (c.1280–1364). Son of John Balliol, king of Scots, and himself titular king of Scots (1332–56). He had good prospects in youth, being betrothed in 1295 to the niece of the French king, and recognized as heir to the Scottish throne as late as 1301. But the Wars of Independence marginalized the Balliols, and after his father's death in 1313 Edward lived in obscurity in Picardy.
Edward III's coup in England (1330), and his distaste for the settlement with Robert I which Isabella and Mortimer had accepted in 1328, opened up new possibilities. There were others who had lost Scottish estates in the wars, and in 1331, Balliol returned to England and put himself at the head of a group of ‘disinherited’, who hoped to take advantage of the youth of David II. Landing at Kinghorn they were at first dramatically successful: after a victory at Dupplin Moor outside Perth (11 August 1332), Balliol was made king at Scone. By the end of the year, however, he had been forced to flee ignominiously to England. This provoked Edward III to intervene in person, defeating the Scots at Halidon Hill outside Berwick (19 July 1333), and reimposing Balliol as king. In 1334 Balliol had to pay the price, performing liege homage to Edward for his kingdom, and ceding much of southern Scotland to Edward III's direct rule. There followed five years of devastating guerrilla warfare before Balliol's attempt was proven to have failed. Though he himself took part in several expeditions, he was evidently only the agent of Edward III, and for much of the time remained in England. However he did not abandon his claims, and after David II's capture at Neville's Cross (17 October 1346) even made moves to reassert his position; but to no avail. In 1356, disgusted with his prospects and burdened by age, he resigned his title to Edward III in return for a pension. He has been slightingly treated by many Scottish historians, but he had little opportunity to reveal his abilities and there is no contemporary comment on his character. Bruce Webster |
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Balliol, Edward." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 25 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Balliol, Edward." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (May 25, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-BalliolEdward.html JOHN CANNON. "Balliol, Edward." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved May 25, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-BalliolEdward.html |
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Balliol, Edward
Balliol, Edward (c.1280–1364). Son of John Balliol, king of Scots, and himself titular king of Scots (1332–56). He had good prospects in youth, being betrothed in 1295 to the niece of the French king, and recognized as heir to the Scottish throne as late as 1301. But the Wars of Independence marginalized the Balliols, and after his father's death in 1313 Edward lived in obscurity in Picardy.
Edward III's coup in England (1330) opened up new possibilities. There were others who had lost Scottish estates, and in 1331, Balliol returned to England and put himself at the head of a group of ‘disinherited’. Landing at Kinghorn they were at first dramatically successful: after a victory at Dupplin Moor (11 August 1332), Balliol was made king at Scone. By the end of the year, however, he had been forced to flee ignominiously to England. This provoked Edward III to intervene in person, defeating the Scots at Halidon Hill (19 July 1333), and reimposing Balliol as king. In 1334 Balliol had to pay the price, performing homage to Edward for his kingdom, and ceding much of southern Scotland to Edward III's direct rule. There followed five years of devastating guerrilla warfare. Though he himself took part in several expeditions, he was evidently only the agent of Edward III. In 1356, disgusted with his prospects and burdened by age, he resigned his title to Edward III in return for a pension. |
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Balliol, Edward." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 25 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Balliol, Edward." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 25, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-BalliolEdward.html JOHN CANNON. "Balliol, Edward." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved May 25, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-BalliolEdward.html |
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Edward de Baliol
Edward de Baliol , d. 1363, king of Scotland, son of John de Baliol (d. 1315). Having secured English support for his claim to the Scottish throne, he invaded Scotland in 1332 and was crowned at Scone. He was soon driven out, but Edward III of England came to his active support, and together they defeated forces of the young David II at Halidon Hill in 1334. Baliol then ceded several southern Scottish counties to Edward. He was driven out again, and David, who had been in France, returned in 1341 as king. In 1356 Baliol retired on an English pension, surrendering his title as king to Edward. |
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"Edward de Baliol." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 25 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Edward de Baliol." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 25, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-BaliolE.html "Edward de Baliol." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 25, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-BaliolE.html |
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Balliol, Edward
Balliol, Edward (died c.1364) King of Scotland (1332–56), son of John Balliol. In 1332 he landed in Fife to reclaim the throne his father had given up. He defeated the Scots at Dupplin and was crowned at Scone. Within three months he was forced to flee but returned with the help of EDWARD III of England after his victory at Halidon Hill. In 1341 Balliol was again expelled from Scotland and in 1356 he resigned his claim to the Scottish throne.
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Cite this article
"Balliol, Edward." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 25 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Balliol, Edward." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 25, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-BalliolEdward.html "Balliol, Edward." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved May 25, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-BalliolEdward.html |
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Edward de Balliol
Edward de Balliol see Baliol, Edward de . |
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Cite this article
"Edward de Balliol." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 25 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Edward de Balliol." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 25, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-BalliolE.html "Edward de Balliol." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 25, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-BalliolE.html |
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Edward Balliol
Edward Balliol. See Balliol, Edward.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Edward Balliol." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 25 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Edward Balliol." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (May 25, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-EdwardBalliol.html JOHN CANNON. "Edward Balliol." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved May 25, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-EdwardBalliol.html |
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Edward Balliol
Edward Balliol See balliol, edward.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Edward Balliol." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 25 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Edward Balliol." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 25, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-EdwardBalliol.html JOHN CANNON. "Edward Balliol." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved May 25, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-EdwardBalliol.html |
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