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CUMBRIA
CUMBRIA. A county of north-western England since 1974, formed from the former counties of Cumberland and Westmorland, and LANCASHIRE North of the Sands. It includes the Lake District or Lakeland, home of the poet Wordsworth. CUMBRIC was spoken there until the 11c, OLD ENGLISH from the 7c, and NORSE in the 9–11c. Local place-names reflect all three languages: Celtic as in Culgaith back wood, Penrith head of the ford, Old English as in Broomfield broom-covered field, Rottington farmstead of Rotta's people, Norse as in Witherslack wooded valley, Haverthwaite clearing where oats were grown. The DIALECT of Cumbria is closely related to SCOTS and to the dialects from North and East YORKSHIRE northward. Westmorland speech has features in common with the north-western Yorkshire Dales, such as ‘skyool’ for school and ‘gaa’ for go. The dialect around Howden in East Yorkshire has more in common with that of Cumbria than with Wakefield, only 20 miles away in West Yorkshire.
The Lakeland Dialect Society was founded in 1939 to sustain interest in and use of the regional dialect. It publishes an annual journal whose poetry and prose attempts to display precise local usage with distinctive variants in spelling. See DIALECT IN ENGLAND, NORSE, NORTHERN ENGLISH. |
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TOM McARTHUR. "CUMBRIA." Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. TOM McARTHUR. "CUMBRIA." Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O29-CUMBRIA.html TOM McARTHUR. "CUMBRIA." Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. 1998. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O29-CUMBRIA.html |
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Cumbria
Cumbria county (1991 pop. 486,900), 2,635 sq mi (6,826 sq km), extreme NW England. The county stretches from the Morecambe Bay to Soloway Firth along the Irish Sea coast. It includes the Lake District , comprised of a series of volcanic rock and slate mountain peaks and lake-filled valleys. It also includes the Carlisle plain and the Eden and Kent river valleys. The county is divided into six districts: Allerdale, Barrow-in-Furness, Carlisle, Coplenad, Eden, and South Lakeland. Tourism, sheep farming, salmon fishing, and mineral extraction are the primary industries. The area has been occupied by humans since the Neolithic Period. Northern Cumbria vacillated between Scottish and English rule until the mid-10th cent., when it was wrested from the Scots in 1157. The Lake District was home to poets such as William Wordsworth , Samuel Taylor Coleridge , and Robert Southey . The Lake District National Park is located in Cumbria. |
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"Cumbria." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Cumbria." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Cumbria.html "Cumbria." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Cumbria.html |
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Cumbria
Cumbria. The new county of Cumbria was established by the Local Government Act of 1972, which joined the traditional counties of Cumberland and Westmorland, and added that section of north Lancashire to the south of the Lake District, and Sedbergh and Dentdale, taken from the west riding. It includes the whole of the Lake District and is bisected by the London–Glasgow railway and the M6. The county town is Carlisle.
J. A. Cannon |
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JOHN CANNON. "Cumbria." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Cumbria." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Cumbria.html JOHN CANNON. "Cumbria." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Cumbria.html |
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Cumbria
Cumbria, England/UK A county formed in 1974 from the former counties of Cumberland, Westmorland, and parts of Lancashire. The Latinized name is derived from the Welsh Cymry ‘the Welsh’ (see Wales). Cumberland means ‘Land of the Welshmen’ while Westmorland means ‘Land of the Westmoringas’—people who lived west of the moor.
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JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Cumbria." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Cumbria." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Cumbria.html JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Cumbria." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Cumbria.html |
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Cumbria
Cumbria County in nw England, bounded by the Solway Firth (n), and the Irish Sea (w); the county town is Carlisle. The region includes the Lake District and the Cumbrian Mountains. Area: 6808sq km (2629sq mi). Pop. (2000 est.) 491,000.
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"Cumbria." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Cumbria." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Cumbria.html "Cumbria." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Cumbria.html |
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Cumbria
Cumbria The new county of Cumbria was established by the Local Government Act of 1972, which joined the traditional counties of Cumberland and Westmorland, and added that section of north Lancashire to the south of the Lake District.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Cumbria." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Cumbria." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Cumbria.html JOHN CANNON. "Cumbria." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Cumbria.html |
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Cumbria
Cumbria an ancient kingdom of northern Britain; since 1974 the name has been used for a modern county of NW England, formed largely from the former counties of Westmorland and Cumberland.
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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Cumbria." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Cumbria." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Cumbria.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Cumbria." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Cumbria.html |
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Cumbria
Cumbria (new county). Cumbria 8th cent. ‘Territory of the Cymry or Cumbrian Britons’. A latinization of the Primitive Welsh form of Cymry ‘the Welsh’.
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A. D. MILLS. "Cumbria." A Dictionary of British Place-Names. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. A. D. MILLS. "Cumbria." A Dictionary of British Place-Names. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O40-Cumbria.html A. D. MILLS. "Cumbria." A Dictionary of British Place-Names. 2003. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O40-Cumbria.html |
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Cumbria
Cumbria
•barrier, carrier, farrier, harrier, tarrier
•Calabria, Cantabria
•Andrea • Kshatriya • Bactria
•Amu Darya, aria, Zaria
•Alexandria
•Ferrier, terrier
•destrier
•aquaria, area, armamentaria, Bavaria, Bulgaria, caldaria, cineraria, columbaria, filaria, frigidaria, Gran Canaria, herbaria, honoraria, malaria, pulmonaria, rosaria, sacraria, Samaria, solaria, tepidaria, terraria
•atria, gematria
•Assyria, Illyria, Styria, Syria
•Laurier, warrior
•hypochondria, mitochondria
•Austria
•auditoria, ciboria, conservatoria, crematoria, emporia, euphoria, Gloria, moratoria, phantasmagoria, Pretoria, sanatoria, scriptoria, sudatoria, victoria, Vitoria, vomitoria
•Maurya
•courier, Fourier
•currier, furrier, spurrier, worrier
•Cumbria, Northumbria, Umbria
•Algeria, anterior, bacteria, Bashkiria, cafeteria, criteria, cryptomeria, diphtheria, exterior, hysteria, Iberia, inferior, interior, Liberia, listeria, Nigeria, posterior, Siberia, superior, ulterior, wisteria
•Etruria, Liguria, Manchuria, Surya
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"Cumbria." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Cumbria." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Cumbria.html "Cumbria." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Cumbria.html |
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