Charles Henry Davis

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Charles Henry Davis

Charles Henry Davis 1807-77, American naval officer and scientist, b. Boston. Appointed a midshipman in 1823, Davis directed operations of the Coast Survey for a time along the New England coast. He established the American Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac in 1849 and published several hydrographic studies. In the Civil War he was fleet captain and chief of staff to S. F. Du Pont in the successful expedition (Nov., 1861) against Port Royal, S.C. On May 9, 1862, he replaced A. H. Foote in command of the Upper Mississippi flotilla of gunboats. The next day he repulsed the attack of a Confederate fleet near Fort Pillow, and on June 6 he annihilated the Confederate fleet before Memphis, taking the city the same day. He then joined Farragut in an unsuccessful attempt to take Vicksburg. Davis was chief (1862-65) of the Bureau of Navigation and superintendent (1865-67, 1874-77) of the Naval Observatory. For his victories at Fort Pillow and Memphis he was promoted to rear admiral in Feb., 1863.

Bibliography: See biography by his son Charles H. Davis (1899).

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Davis, Charles Henry

The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military | 2001 | Â© The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military 2001, originally published by Oxford University Press 2001. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Davis, Charles Henry (1807–77) naval officer and hydrographer born in Boston, Massachusetts. Davis directed the compilation of the American Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac (begun 1852) and authored important articles of scientific scholarship on the laws of tidal action. Through his hydrographic knowledge he made a significant contribution to the capture of Port Royal, South Carolina (1861). After the war Davis became superintendent of the Naval Observatory, leaving that position temporarily to serve as commander of the Norfolk Navy Yard (1870-73).

Davis's translation of, and additional notes on, Charles Marie Philippes de Kerhallet's General Examination of the Pacific Ocean (1851), first published in 1861, became the standard book on navigating the Pacific.

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