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Cercle et Carré

A Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Art | 1999 | | Copyright

Cercle et Carré (Circle and Square). A discussion and exhibition society for abstract artists formed in Paris in 1929 by the critic Michel Seuphor and the painter Joaquín Torres-García. They published a journal of the same name (3 numbers, 1929–30): ‘The choice of the circle and square as both title and cover illustration reflected, Seuphor later felt, a certain order in the world and evoked the ancient Chinese symbols for heaven and earth, yin and yang; the world of the senses and the world of the mind’ ( Anna Moszynska, Abstract Art, 1990). Although Seuphor and Torres-García aimed to promote geometrical abstraction, the association was in fact open to abstract artists of various persuasions. It held only one exhibition, at Galerie 23 in April 1930. This was the first exhibition ever devoted solely to abstract art; 46 artists showed work, including Mondrian and Vantongerloo but also such non-geometricians as Kandinsky and Schwitters. This broadness of approach was attacked by the singleminded van Doesburg, who in 1930 launched his own review Art Concret (see CONCRETE ART) as a counterblast. In 1931 Cercle et Carré was superseded by the larger and longer-lived Abstraction-Création association, but it had a sequel in Uruguay: in 1935 Torres-García formed an Asociación de Arte Constructivo in Montevideo and he edited a journal Círculo y Cuadrado (7 numbers, 1936–8).

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IAN CHILVERS. "Cercle et Carré." A Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Art. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

IAN CHILVERS. "Cercle et Carré." A Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Art. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O5-CercleetCarr.html

IAN CHILVERS. "Cercle et Carré." A Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Art. 1999. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O5-CercleetCarr.html

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Cercle et Carré

The Oxford Dictionary of Art | 2004 | | Copyright

Cercle et Carré (Circle and Square). A discussion and exhibition society for abstract artists formed in Paris in 1929 by the critic Michel Seuphor and the painter Joaquín Torres-García. They published a journal of the same name, of which three numbers appeared in 1929–30. The association held only one exhibition, at Galerie 23 in April 1930, but this has the distinction of being the first group exhibition ever devoted solely to abstract art; 46 artists showed work, including Mondrian and Vantongerloo but also such non-geometricians as Kandinsky and Schwitters. In 1931 Cercle et Carré was superseded by the larger and longer-lived Abstraction-Création association, but it had a sequel in Uruguay: in 1935 Torres-Garcia formed an Asociación de Arte Constructivo in Montevideo and edited a journal Círculo y Cuadrado, of which seven numbers appeared between 1936 and 1938.

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IAN CHILVERS. "Cercle et Carré." The Oxford Dictionary of Art. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

IAN CHILVERS. "Cercle et Carré." The Oxford Dictionary of Art. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O2-CercleetCarr.html

IAN CHILVERS. "Cercle et Carré." The Oxford Dictionary of Art. 2004. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O2-CercleetCarr.html

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Cercle et Carré

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists | 2003 | | Copyright

Cercle et Carré (Circle and Square). A discussion and exhibition society for abstract artists formed in Paris in 1929 by the critic Michel Seuphor and the painter Joaquín Torres-García. They published a journal of the same name, of which three numbers appeared in 1929–30. The association held only one exhibition, at Galerie 23 in April 1930, but this has the distinction of being the first group exhibition ever devoted solely to abstract art; 46 artists showed work, including Mondrian and Vantongerloo but also such non-geometricians as Kandinsky and Schwitters. In 1931 Cercle et Carré was superseded by the larger and longer-lived Abstraction-Création association, but it had a sequel in Uruguay: in 1935 Torres-Garcia formed an Asociación de Arte Constructivo in Montevideo and edited a journal Círculo y Cuadrado, of which seven numbers appeared between 1936 and 1938.

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Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.

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IAN CHILVERS. "Cercle et Carré." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

IAN CHILVERS. "Cercle et Carré." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O3-CercleetCarr.html

IAN CHILVERS. "Cercle et Carré." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists. 2003. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O3-CercleetCarr.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Montreal: espace dilate et lieux de convergence (exposition). Magazine article from: Etc. Montreal; 3/1/1999
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