Carmona

Carmona , town (1990 pop. 24,515), Sevilla prov., SW Spain, in Andalusia. It is a farm center for an area raising cattle, cereals, fruits, and olives. Ferdinand III of Castile took Carmona from the Moors in 1247 after a year-long siege. It has numerous examples of Gothic, Moorish, and baroque architecture, including the imposing ruins of an alcazar. A large Roman necropolis was discovered nearby in 1881.

Estado Novo (New State) The official name of the Portuguese dictatorship, which was established by Carmona in 1926 and came to bear the imprint of Salazar (1928–68). Its central features were economic stringency and conservatism (which prevented industrial expansion), social conservatism and maintenance of good relations with the Roman Catholic Church, authoritarianism, and the maintenance of its colonies at all cost, tying them closer to metropolitan Portugal through administrative integration and the promotion of emigration to the colonies. After the replacement of Caetano in 1974, the Estado Novo collapsed concurrently with the colonial empire.