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Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND). The largest and most politically orthodox organization associated with the two waves of mass agitation against the British nuclear deterrent and US nuclear bases in Britain during the late 1950s and again in the early 1980s. It was formed in 1958 by establishment intellectuals such as Bertrand Russell and J. B. Priestley and urged unilateral British nuclear disarmament. It soon became involved in demonstrations and protests organized by the smaller anarchist-orientated Direct Action Committee. The Easter 1958 march to the Aldermaston nuclear base in Berkshire attracted up to 10,000 supporters and 1959 and 1960 saw the numbers approaching 100,000. The success of a unilateralist motion at the 1960 Labour Party Conference was a high point, but Gaitskell managed to reverse the decision in 1961 and the signing of the 1963 Test Ban treaty caused CND to lose momentum.
It re-emerged as a mass movement in the 1980s as a result of the expansion of nuclear weapons systems and a new iciness in American–Soviet relations. It again proved to be a broad church, with strong trade union, youth, Labour, Liberal, Christian, and Green subgroups, though some radical protesters, such as the Greenham Common women's Peace Camp, were not part of CND. By 1982 it had about 100,000 members and drew an estimated 400,000 people to its Hyde Park rally. One consequence of the Labour Party's move to the left was the Gang of Four's decision to defect and set up the Social Democratic Party. Further multilateral agreements to control nuclear weapons were both welcome to CND and blunted its cutting edge. Though it did not succeed in its main objective, CND was a remarkable organizational feat and showed more stamina than most political lobbies, even if its main achievement was to damage the Labour Party. Christopher N. Lanigan |
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JOHN CANNON. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-CampaignforNuclearDsrmmnt.html JOHN CANNON. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-CampaignforNuclearDsrmmnt.html |
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Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND). The largest organization associated with the two waves of agitation against the British nuclear deterrent and US nuclear bases in Britain. It was formed in 1958 by establishment intellectuals such as Bertrand Russell and urged unilateral British nuclear disarmament. It soon became involved in demonstrations organized by the smaller anarchist‐orientated Direct Action Committee. The Easter 1958 march to the Aldermaston nuclear base in Berkshire attracted up to 10, 000 supporters and 1959 and 1960 saw numbers approaching 100, 000. The success of a unilateralist motion at the 1960 Labour Party Conference was a high point, but Gaitskell managed to reverse the decision in 1961 and the signing of the 1963 Test Ban treaty caused CND to lose momentum.
It re‐emerged as a mass movement in the 1980s as a result of a new iciness in American–Soviet relations. By 1982 it had about 100, 000 members and drew an estimated 400, 000 people to its Hyde Park rally. Further multilateral agreements to control nuclear weapons were both welcome to CND and blunted its cutting edge. |
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-CampaignforNuclearDsrmmnt.html JOHN CANNON. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-CampaignforNuclearDsrmmnt.html |
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Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) A British pressure group pledged to nuclear disarmament and to the abandonment of British nuclear weapons. CND was created in 1958 with the philosopher Bertrand Russell as President. Frustration at the lack of progress led to the creation of a splinter-group, the Committee of 100, led by Russell and pledged to civil disobedience. From 1963 to 1980 CND was in eclipse. It revived in 1980–84 mainly as a protest against the deployment of US cruise missiles at Greenham Common. In 1980 European Nuclear Disarmament (END) was formed, linking closely with dissident groups in Eastern Europe. Similar movements developed in France, Germany, Australasia, and the USA, campaigning after the Cold War against nuclear proliferation.
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Cite this article
"Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-CampaignforNuclearDsrmmnt.html "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-CampaignforNuclearDsrmmnt.html |
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Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament a British organization which campaigns for the abolition of nuclear weapons worldwide and calls for unilateral disarmament. Founded in 1958, it was revived in 1979 to oppose the siting of US cruise missiles in Britain. With the improvement in East–West relations and the break-up of the Soviet Union, the organization has had a lower public profile.
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Cite this article
ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-CampaignforNuclearDsrmmnt.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-CampaignforNuclearDsrmmnt.html |
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Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, see CND
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Cite this article
JAN PALMOWSKI. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JAN PALMOWSKI. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-CampaignforNuclearDsrmmnt.html JAN PALMOWSKI. "Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-CampaignforNuclearDsrmmnt.html |
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