Berkshire Festival

Berkshire Festival , summer music festival, held since 1937 at "Tanglewood," a former estate in the adjoining towns of Stockbridge and Lenox, Mass. The Berkshire Festivals were begun in 1934 at a farm in Stockbridge. Henry Hadley conducted an orchestra composed largely of members of the New York Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra for two summers. In 1936, Serge Koussevitzky and the Boston Symphony Orchestra took over the festival, which became its summer home. Charles Munch began as musical director of the festival in 1951 and was followed by William Steinberg, who conducted there through the summer of 1969. From 1974 to 2002, Seiji Ozawa was the artistic director. In 1940 a summer school, the Tanglewood Music Center, was begun in combination with the festival. Today it is one of the world's preeminent training grounds for composers, conductors, instrumentalists, and vocalists.

The Koussevitzky Music Shed at Tanglewood, designed by Eliel Saarinen , was opened in 1938. Its acoustics were enhanced by the addition of an orchestra canopy in 1959. The Shed seats more than 5,000 people and accommodates about 12,000 additional listeners on its vast lawns. In 1986 the festival grounds were expanded from the original 180 acres (73 hectares) to 300 acres (121 hectares). In 1994 an additional facility, the 1,180-seat Seiji Ozawa Hall, was opened. Intended for chamber concerts, rehearsals, recitals, and recording sessions, it also contains a library, performers' pavilion, and other facilities and accommodates some 2,000 concertgoers on its lawns.

Bibliography: See J. R. Holland, Tanglewood (1973).

Berkshire Theatre Festival (Stockbridge, Massachusetts). A summer theatre whose reputation for superb revivals is widespread, it started in 1928 as the Three Arts Society, which performed in a Stanford White–designed building in the Berkshire Mountains. The group adopted its present name in 1967 and continues to present classics and new works in its 816‐seat Mainstage and its 122‐seat Unicorn Theatre. The company claims to be the third‐oldest theatre in the nation.