Astronomy: General

A Dictionary of Zoology A Dictionary of Astronomy Further reading

Baldwin effect

A Dictionary of Zoology | 1999 | | Copyright

Baldwin effect The idea that phenotypic plasticity is a crucial element for the operation of natural selection. In the 1950s, some blue tits in Britain learned to peck away the caps of milk bottles and drink some of the milk. Those capable of learning this were strongly advantaged; in each generation, those which were more and more focused on milk-bottle-opening were selected for, so that a mere ‘capacity to learn’ became a ‘drive to open milk bottles’.

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MICHAEL ALLABY. "Baldwin effect." A Dictionary of Zoology. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

MICHAEL ALLABY. "Baldwin effect." A Dictionary of Zoology. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O8-Baldwineffect.html

MICHAEL ALLABY. "Baldwin effect." A Dictionary of Zoology. 1999. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O8-Baldwineffect.html

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Baldwin effect

A Dictionary of Astronomy | 1997 | Copyright

Baldwin effect The inverse relationship between the total absolute luminosity of a quasar and the equivalent width of its various emission lines, including Lyman-alpha. The origin of this effect is not well understood. It may result from the orientation of the quasar, but it might also be caused by different degrees of ionization in quasars of different luminosity. It is named after the American astronomer Jack Allen Baldwin (1945– ).

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"Baldwin effect." A Dictionary of Astronomy. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Baldwin effect." A Dictionary of Astronomy. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O80-Baldwineffect.html

"Baldwin effect." A Dictionary of Astronomy. 1997. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O80-Baldwineffect.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Baldwin unveils new digital line. (Baldwin Piano & Organ Co.) Magazine article from: Music Trades; 9/1/1996
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	NEW PRODUCTS ABOUND AT BALDWIN. Magazine article from: Music Trades; 5/1/2001