Spanish and Portuguese History: Biographies

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Further reading

Panormitanus

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church | 2000 | | Copyright

Panormitanus (1386–1445), canonist. Nicolò de’ Tudeschi became Abp. of Palermo (hence Panormitanus) in 1435. In 1433 he had been sent to the Council of Basle by Eugenius IV as his representative, but in 1436 he returned as the ambassador of Alfonso of Aragon, who was a contender for the throne of Naples against a nominee of Eugenius; consequently he usually supported the antipope and maintained that the Pope was inferior to a General Council. His main writings were on canon law; they included commentaries on the Decretals of Gregory IX, on the Sext, and on the Clementines.

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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Panormitanus." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Panormitanus." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-Panormitanus.html

E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Panormitanus." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-Panormitanus.html

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Alfonso IX

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Alfonso IX 1171–1230, Spanish king of León (1188–1230), son and successor of Ferdinand II. He conquered from the Moors several cities in Estremadura and was frequently at war with Alfonso VIII of Castile. His marriages with Teresa of Portugal and Berenguela of Castile were both annulled by the pope. He defeated (1230) the Moors at Mérida. His son by Berenguela, Ferdinand III, reunited (1230) León and Castile.

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"Alfonso IX." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Alfons9Sp.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

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