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Supremacy, Act of
Supremacy, Act of, 1534 (26 Hen. VIII c. 1). This Act, passed in the sixth session of the Reformation Parliament in November–December 1534, defined the headship of the English church, which Henry VIII had progressively asserted over the previous two to three years. The Act claimed merely to ‘confirm and corroborate’ the pre-existing right of the king and his successors to be supreme head on earth of the Church of England. Already in the preamble to the Act in Restraint of Appeals of 1533, the ‘Supreme Head and King’ had been defined as having ‘whole and entire power’ over clergy and laity alike. However, whereas earlier legislation had limited itself to specific fiscal and legal aspects of church authority, the Act of Supremacy conferred personally on the king all spiritual authority to reform abuses and correct doctrine. On 15 January 1535 Henry included the supreme headship in the royal style, and around then transferred its authority to a spiritual ‘vicegerent’, the layman Thomas Cromwell. Such personal control over spiritual issues, as well as spiritual people, was unique to the Henrician supremacy; the title of supreme head was abolished by Mary I in 1554–5 (1 & 2 P. and M. c. 8), to be replaced by the more muted title of ‘Supreme Governor’ under Elizabeth I.
Euan Cameron |
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JOHN CANNON. "Supremacy, Act of." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Supremacy, Act of." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-SupremacyActof.html JOHN CANNON. "Supremacy, Act of." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-SupremacyActof.html |
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Supremacy, Acts of
Supremacy, Acts of (1537, 1560), two measures passed by the Irish parliament, each designed to assert the control of the English monarch over the Irish church. The first, Henry VIII's act authorizing the king, his heirs, and successors to be supreme head of the Church of Ireland (28 H. VIII c. 5), marks the official beginning of the Irish Reformation. Since Henry was more concerned with jurisdiction than theology, it was possible for clergy to remain within the established church without major changes to their beliefs or practices. The Dublin government sought to win acceptance for royal supremacy, not only within the areas it directly controlled, but also from Gaelic chieftains, as part of the programme of surrender and regrant. The act was repealed in 1557 when Catholicism returned under Queen Mary. Royal supremacy was restored by the 1560 act, though with the less sweeping assertion that Elizabeth was ‘supreme governor’. This act required that all clergy and secular officials should swear an oath accepting Elizabeth's supremacy and renouncing all foreign jurisdictions. This was subsequently used as a means of excluding Catholics from public office. Together with the Act of Uniformity, it formed the basis of the Protestant Elizabethan settlement.
Alan Ford |
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"Supremacy, Acts of." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Supremacy, Acts of." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O245-SupremacyActsof.html "Supremacy, Acts of." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O245-SupremacyActsof.html |
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Supremacy, Act of
Supremacy, Act of, 1534 (26 Hen. VIII c. 1). This Act, passed in the sixth session of the Reformation Parliament in November–December 1534, claimed to ‘confirm and corroborate’ the right of the king to be supreme head on earth of the Church of England. On 15 January 1535 Henry included the supreme headship in the royal style, and transferred its authority to a spiritual ‘vicegerent’, the layman Thomas Cromwell. The title of supreme head was abolished by Mary I in 1554–5, to be replaced under Elizabeth by the more muted title of ‘Supreme Governor’.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Supremacy, Act of." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Supremacy, Act of." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-SupremacyActof.html JOHN CANNON. "Supremacy, Act of." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-SupremacyActof.html |
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Supremacy, Acts of
Supremacy, Acts of (1534 and 1559) Enactments of the English Parliament, confirming respectively the supremacy of HENRY VIII and ELIZABETH I over the Anglican Church. Henry was styled “Supreme Head” of the Church but Elizabeth, in an attempt to reduce opposition, took the title “Supreme Governor”. Under the terms of both Acts the “Oath of Supremacy” was demanded of suspected malcontents.
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"Supremacy, Acts of." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Supremacy, Acts of." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-SupremacyActsof.html "Supremacy, Acts of." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-SupremacyActsof.html |
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Supremacy, Acts of
Supremacy, Acts of. The Supremacy of the Crown Act 1534 confirmed to Henry VIII and his successors the title of ‘the only supreme head in earth of the Church of England’. It was repealed under Mary. Elizabeth I's Act of Supremacy 1558, passed in 1559, declared the Queen to be ‘the only supreme governor of this realm … as well in all spiritual or ecclesiastical things or causes as temporal’.
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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Supremacy, Acts of." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Supremacy, Acts of." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-SupremacyActsof.html E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Supremacy, Acts of." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-SupremacyActsof.html |
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Supremacy, Act of
Supremacy, Act of. An Act of 1559 declaring the Queen of England ( Elizabeth I) to be ‘the only supreme governor of this realm … as well in all spiritual or ecclesiastical things or causes as temporal’. The act was a revised form of Henry VIII's Act of 1534 repealed by Mary. It is intrinsic to the ‘establishment’ of the Church of England.
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JOHN BOWKER. "Supremacy, Act of." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN BOWKER. "Supremacy, Act of." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-SupremacyActof.html JOHN BOWKER. "Supremacy, Act of." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-SupremacyActof.html |
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Supremacy, Act of
Supremacy, Act of (in English history) either of two Acts of Parliament of 1534 and 1559 (particularly the former), which established Henry VIII and Elizabeth I as supreme heads of the Church of England and excluded the authority of the Pope. The term is used particularly with reference to the Act of 1534.
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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Supremacy, Act of." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Supremacy, Act of." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-SupremacyActof.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Supremacy, Act of." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-SupremacyActof.html |
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