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turpentine
turpentine yellow to brown semifluid oleoresin exuded from the sapwood of pines, firs, and other conifers. It is made up of two principal components, an essential oil and a type of resin that is called rosin . The essential oil (oil of turpentine) can be separated from the rosin by steam disti...
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terebinth
terebinth or turpentine tree, small deciduous tree ( Pistacia terebinthus ) of the family Anacardiaceae ( sumac family), native to the Mediterranean region. It yielded probably the earliest-known form of turpentine, said to have been used in medicine by the ancient Greeks. The yield of the ter...
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rosin
rosin or colophony, hard, brittle, translucent resin , obtained as a solid residue from crude turpentine . Usually pale yellow or amber, its color may vary from brownish-black to transparent depending on the nature of the source of the crude turpentine. Rosin has no taste but often has a fain...
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liniment
liniment liquid preparation rubbed on skin, used to relieve muscular aches and pains. It contains some substance that when rubbed over the affected part causes mild irritation and often brings more blood to the painful part. Most liniments contain camphor, oil of turpentine, oil of wintergreen, or ...
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Canada balsam
Canada balsam yellow, oily, resinous exudation obtained from the balsam fir . It is an oleoresin (see resin ) with a pleasant odor but a biting taste. It is a turpentine rather than a true balsam. On standing, the essential oil in Canada balsam evaporates, leaving behind the resin as a hard, tr...
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naval stores
naval stores term initially applied to the cordage, mask, resin, tar, and timber used in building wooden sailing ships; it now designates the products obtained from the pine tree, e.g., pine oil, pitch, rosin, tar, and turpentine. These products fall into two classes, those obtained from living pin...
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camphor
camphor , C 10 H 16 O, white, crystalline solid ketone with a characteristic pungent odor and taste. It melts at 176°C and boils at 204°C. The natural variety, Japan camphor, is obtained by steam distillation of the wood of the camphor tree ( Cinnamomum camphora ) native to China, Japan, a...
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pistachio
pistachio , tree or shrub (of the genus Pistacia ) of the family Anacardiaceae ( sumac family). The species that yields the pistachio nut of commerce is P. vera, native to SW Asia. It is now cultivated on a small scale in parts of the SW United States and in many of the warmer parts of Europe an...
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varnish
varnish homogeneous solution of gum or of natural or synthetic resins in oil (oil varnish) or in a volatile solvent (spirit varnish), which dries on exposure to air, forming a thin, hard, usually glossy film. It is used for the protection or decoration of surfaces and may be transparent, translucen...
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larch
larch any tree of the genus Larix, conifers of the family Pinaceae ( pine family), which are unusual in that they are not evergreen. The various species are widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. Needles of the larches are mostly borne in characteristic radiating clusters. A western Amer...
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