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symphonic poem
symphonic poem type of orchestral composition created by Liszt, also called tone poem. Discarding classical principles of form, it begins with a poetic or other literary inspiration. Although it is usually considered program music , no literal following of a program was intended by Liszt. His Tas...
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Paul Dukas
Paul Dukas , 1865-1935, French composer and critic. He was influenced by both the romanticism of Wagner and the impressionism of Debussy. His compositions are few, the best known being a symphonic poem, The Sorcerer's Apprentice (1897), and an opera, Ariane et Barbe-Bleue (1907).
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Ernest Bloch
Ernest Bloch , 1880-1959, Swiss-American composer. Among his teachers were Jaques-Dalcroze and Ysaÿe. He taught at the Geneva Conservatory, 1911-15, and at the Mannes School, New York, 1917-19; he was director of the Cleveland Institute of Music, 1920-25, and of the San Francisco Conservatory, ...
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Francesca da Rimini
Francesca da Rimini , fl. 13th cent., Italian beauty, daughter of Guido da Polenta of Ravenna. She was married by proxy to the hunchbacked lord of Rimini, Gianciotto Malatesta; the proxy, Gianciotto's young and handsome brother Paolo, became Francesca's lover. Gianciotto, discovering their guilt, ki...
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Mili Alekseyevich Balakirev
Mili Alekseyevich Balakirev , 1837-1910, Russian composer and conductor, leader of the group called the Five . He founded (1862) the Free School of Music in St. Petersburg and conducted (1867-69) the Russian Music Society and (1883-94) the Imperial Chapel Choir and Imperial Music Society. His works...
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Albert Roussel
Albert Roussel , 1869-1937, French composer, studied with Vincent D'Indy. His early works show the influence of impressionism. With the symphonic poem Pour une fête de printemps (1920) and his Second Symphony (1919-21) he achieved a highly personal style marked by subtlety of melodic inflect...
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Louis Moreau Gottschalk
Louis Moreau Gottschalk , 1829-69, American pianist and composer, b. New Orleans, of English-French parentage, studied in Paris. Chopin and Berlioz praised his playing, and he appeared successfully in Europe, the United States, and South America. His orchestral compositions include two symphonic poe...
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Ottorino Respighi
Ottorino Respighi , 1879-1936, Italian composer, studied with Rimsky-Korsakov and Max Bruch. He was director (1924-25) of the Conservatory of St. Cecilia, Rome, afterward teaching advanced composition there until his death. Among his romantic symphonic poems are The Fountains of Rome (1917), The ...
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Alan Hovhaness
Alan Hovhaness , 1911-2000, American composer, b. Somerville, Mass., as Alan Vaness Chakmakjian. Hovhaness was of Armenian and Scottish descent, and many of his works are based on Armenian culture or show influences from Middle Eastern, Asian, or early European music. Inspired by nature and Christia...
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Charles Camille Saint-Saëns
Charles Camille Saint-Saëns , 1835-1921, French composer. A child prodigy, he made his debut as a pianist at 10 and entered the Paris Conservatory in 1848. He was a prolific composer, writing in almost every form, and he was organist at the Madeleine for 20 years. Saint-Saëns is best known...
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