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pigment
pigment substance that imparts color to other materials. In paint, the pigment is a powdered substance which, when mixed in the liquid vehicle, imparts color to a painted surface. The pigments used in paints are nearly all metallic compounds, but organic compounds are also used (see lake ). Most b...
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pigmentation
pigmentation name for the coloring matter found in certain plant and animal cells and for the color produced thereby. Pigmentation occurs in nearly all living organisms. Almost all plants synthesize their own pigments; animals either derive pigments from plant foods or synthesize them themselves.
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gamboge
gamboge [Fr.,=Cambodia], an intensely yellow pigment obtained from the sap of Garcinia morella, a tree of SE Asia and Sri Lanka.
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melanin
melanin , water-insoluble polymer of various compounds derived from the amino acid tyrosine . It is one of two pigments found in human skin and hair and adds brown to skin color; the other pigment is carotene , which contributes yellow coloring. The synthesis of melanin reactions is catalyzed by t...
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Prussian blue
Prussian blue pigment widely used for laundry bluing, in dyeing compounds, and in the manufacture of inks and paints. Several varieties are known, one of which consists of the chemical compound ferric ferrocyanide.
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vermilion
vermilion vivid red pigment of durable quality. It is a chemical compound of mercury and sulfur and is known as red sulfide of mercury; it was formerly obtained by grinding pure cinnabar but is now commonly prepared synthetically. Vermilion is a good pigment for protecting iron and steel and is t...
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albino
albino [Port.,=white], animal or plant lacking normal pigmentation. The absence of pigment is observed in the body covering (skin, hair, and feathers) and in the iris of the eye. The blood vessels of the retina show through the iris, giving it a pink or reddish color, and the eyes are highly sensit...
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cinnabar
cinnabar , mineral, the sulfide of mercury, HgS. Deep red in color, it is used as a pigment (see vermilion ), but principally it is a source of the metal mercury. It is mined in Spain, Italy, and in the United States in California. The mercury is obtained from it by roasting, the sulfur combining w...
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crayon
crayon any drawing material available in stick form. The term includes charcoal, conte crayon, chalk, pastel, grease crayon, litho crayon, and children's wax colors. The pigment is often bound with gum tragacanth or wax, and the sticks are wrapped in paper or embedded in wood.
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ultramarine
ultramarine blue pigment used chiefly as a coloring material and as a bluing agent. A double silicate of sodium and aluminum with some sulfur, it is prepared commercially from kaolin, sulfur, soda ash, and other inexpensive ingredients. It was formerly produced by grinding the rare mineral lapis ...
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