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intelligence
intelligence in psychology, the general mental ability involved in calculating, reasoning, perceiving relationships and analogies, learning quickly, storing and retrieving information, using language fluently, classifying, generalizing, and adjusting to new situations. Alfred Binet , the French ps...
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intelligent design
intelligent design theory that some complex biological structures and other aspects of nature show evidence of having been designed by an intelligence. Such biological structures are said to have intricate components that are so highly interdependent and so essential to a particular function or pro...
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KGB
KGB (Russian abbreviation, Committee of State Security) Formed in 1953, the KGB was responsible for external espionage, internal counter-intelligence, and internal ‘crimes against the state’. The most famous chairman of the KGB was Yuri Andropov (1967–82) who was Soviet leader...
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Central Intelligence Agency
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), independent executive bureau of the U.S. government established by the National Security Act of 1947, replacing the wartime Office of Strategic Services (1942-45), the first U.S. espionage and covert operations agency. While the CIA's covert operations receive t...
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Lewis Madison Terman
Lewis Madison Terman , 1877-1956, American psychologist, b. Johnson co., Ind., grad. Indiana Univ., 1902, Ph.D. Clark Univ., 1905. He joined the faculty of Stanford in 1910 and was chairman of the psychology department from 1922 to 1942, when he retired. In World War I he served as a major and helpe...
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William Joseph Donovan
William Joseph Donovan , 1883-1959, American lawyer, director of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), b. Buffalo, N.Y. Distinguished service in World War I won him medals and the nickname Wild Bill Donovan. He was prominent in Republican politics and served (1925-29) in the office of the Attorney...
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Allen Welsh Dulles
Allen Welsh Dulles , 1893-1969, U.S. public official, b. Watertown, N.Y.; brother of John Foster Dulles . He entered (1916) diplomatic service and became (1922) chief of the State Deptartment's division of Near Eastern affairs. In 1926 he resigned to practice law. During World War II he was a promi...
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espionage
espionage , the act of obtaining information clandestinely. The term applies particularly to the act of collecting military, industrial, and political data about one nation for the benefit of another. Industrial espionage—the theft of patents and processes from business firms—is not prop...
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Greenpeace
Greenpeace international organization that promotes environmental awareness and addresses environmental abuse through direct, nonviolent confrontations with governments and companies. Founded in 1971 to oppose U.S. nuclear testing in Alaska, the organization has fought to protect endangered species...
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National Security Agency
National Security Agency (NSA), an independent agency within the U.S. Dept. of Defense. Founded by presidential order in 1952, its primary function is to encode and decode communications intelligence and to protect U.S. signals and information systems. The mission of its Information Systems Securit...
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