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Topics related to "cellulose"

cellulose
cellulose chief constituent of the cell walls of plants. Chemically, it is a carbohydrate that is a high molecular weight polysaccharide. Raw cotton is composed of 91% pure cellulose; other important natural sources are flax, hemp, jute, straw, and wood. Cellulose has been used for the manufactur... Read more
cellophane
cellophane thin, transparent sheet or tube of regenerated cellulose . Cellophane is used in packaging and as a membrane for dialysis . It is sometimes dyed and can be moisture-proofed by a thin coating of pyroxylin . There are several steps in the preparation of cellophane from raw cellulose. Th... Read more
nitrocellulose
nitrocellulose nitric acid ester of cellulose (a glucose polymer). It is usually formed by the action of a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids on purified cotton or wood pulp. The extent of nitration and degradation (breaking down) of the cellulose is carefully controlled in order to obtain th... Read more
celluloid
celluloid [from cellulose ], transparent, colorless synthetic plastic made by treating cellulose nitrate with camphor and alcohol. Celluloid was the first important synthetic plastic and was widely used as a substitute for more expensive substances, such as ivory, amber, horn, and tortoiseshell.... Read more
lignin
lignin , a highly polymerized and complex chemical compound especially common in woody plants. The cellulose walls of the wood become impregnated with lignin, a process called lignification, which greatly increases the strength and hardness of the cell and gives the necessary rigidity to the tree. I... Read more
acetate
acetate , one of the most important forms of artificial cellulose-based fibers; the ester of acetic acid. The first patents for the production of fibers from cellulose acetate appeared at the beginning of the 20th cent. During World War I, production of acetylcellulose began on an industrial scale f... Read more
rayon
rayon synthetic fibers made from cellulose or textiles woven from such fibers; more rayon is manufactured than any other synthetic fiber. The name was adopted (1924), in preference to "artificial silk," by the U.S. Dept. of Commerce and various commercial associations. As early as 1665 the En... Read more
chitin
chitin , main constituent of the shells of arthropods. Chitin, a polysaccharide (see carbohydrate ) analogous in chemical structure to cellulose , consists of units of a glucose derivative ( N -acetyl- d -glucosamine) joined to form a long, unbranched chain. Like cellulose, chitin contributes st... Read more
bran
bran outer coat of a cereal grain—e.g., wheat, rye, and corn—mechanically removed from commercial flour and meal by bolting or sifting. Wheat bran is extensively used as feed for farm animals. Bran is used as food for humans (in cereals or mixed with flour in bread) to add roughage (i.e... Read more
chemurgy
chemurgy , branch of applied chemistry concerned with preparing industrial products from agricultural raw materials. Among such products are plastics manufactured from casein and soybean; soaps derived from animal and vegetable fats; cellulose fiber products made from, for example, straws, stubble, ... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "cellulose"

Cellulose
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science Cellulose Cellulose is a substance found in the cell walls of plants. Although cellulose is not a component of the human body, it is nevertheless the most abundant organic macromolecule on Earth. The scientific community first observed cellulose...
cellulose
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition cellulose chief constituent of the cell walls of plants...polysaccharide. Raw cotton is composed of 91% pure cellulose; other important natural sources are flax, hemp, jute, straw, and wood. Cellulose has been used for the manufacture of paper...
Artificial fibers
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science ...pioneer artificial fibers viscose, cuprammonium cellulose, and cellulose acetate were orginally referred to as rayon. This...for a semisythetic fiber composed of regenerated cellulose and manufatured fibers consisting of regenerated...
Carbohydrates
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Food and Culture ...the long chain starches, glycogen and cellulose. Carbohydrates can be classified as...Polysaccharides > 10 Glycogen, starch, cellulose **A "sugar unit" is one monosaccharide...monosaccharide unit in starch, glycogen, and cellulose, and is found in all edible disaccharides...
Carbohydrate
Encyclopedia entry from: UXL Encyclopedia of Science ...includes sugars, starches, and cellulose. Sugars and starches provide organisms...energy for cell functions, and cellulose is a fibrous substance making up...form the more complex carbohydrate cellulose, the main structural component...
rayon
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition rayon synthetic fibers made from cellulose or textiles woven from such fibers...poorly, it has been steadily improved. Cellulose, originally from cotton linters but...no longer of commercial importance, cellulose is treated with nitric and sulfuric acids...
cellophane
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...thin, transparent sheet or tube of regenerated cellulose . Cellophane is used in packaging and as a membrane...steps in the preparation of cellophane from raw cellulose. The cellulose is first treated with an alkali, e.g., sodium...
Alexander Parkes
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography ...displayed in scientific laboratories. Cellulose nitrate, the basic substance of Parkes...prepare it in 1833, by mixing sawdust cellulose with nitric acid. In 1855 Christian...treating simple paper made from wood cellulose with nitrite acid. The result was a...
Polymer
Encyclopedia entry from: UXL Encyclopedia of Science ...substances are polymers. Starch and cellulose are examples. Green plants have...chains are molecules of starch or cellulose. If we assign the symbol G to...glucose molecule, then starch or cellulose can be represented as: -G-G...
SIC 2823 Cellulosic Manmade Fibers
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of American Industries ...Cellulosic Manmade Fiber Manufacturing) Cellulose fibers are made from modified wood pulp...patent related to the manufacture of cellulose fibers was granted in 1855. In 1883...scientist, created the first nonfla-mmable cellulose fiber. Commercially viable rayon fibers...

Dictionary entries related to "cellulose"

cellulose
Book article from: A Dictionary of Biology cellulose A polysaccharide that consists of a long...important constituent of dietary fibre . Cellulose occurs typically as microfibrils, each...parallel arrays of 50–60 cellulose molecules. The fibrous nature of extracted...
cellulose derivatives
Book article from: A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition cellulose derivatives A number of chemically modified forms of cellulose are used in food processing for their special properties...Carboxymethylcellulose, which is prepared from the pure cellulose of cotton or wood. It absorbs up to fifty times...
methyl cellulose
Book article from: A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition methyl cellulose See cellulose .
cellulose, microcrystalline
Book article from: A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition cellulose, microcrystalline Partially hydrolysed cellulose used as a filler in slimming and other foods.
Plastics
Dictionary entry from: Dictionary of American History ...products. Early plastics were created from cellulose wood fibers treated with nitrate. A...nbein, was one of the first to develop cellulose nitrate plastics in 1846. Later, in...Parkesine, a pressure-molded collodoin (cellulose nitrate in ethanol). He displayed many...
Mangin, Louis Alexandre
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...whereby he established the characteristics of cellulose and pectin materials and showed that the...cellular membranes in mushrooms — cellulose and callose in Peronosporaceae, cellulose and pectin compounds in Mucoraceae, and...
acetate
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English ...or the group −OOCCH 3 . 2. cellulose acetate, esp. as used to make textile...x220E;  a transparency made of cellulose acetate film. ∎  a recording disk coated with cellulose acetate.
Henfrey, Arthur
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...ordinary cells. After the pollen tube reaches the embryo sac, a cellulose coat appears on that germinal body which is to give rise to...Henfrey showed that the germinal vesicles in ferns also lack cellulose membranes until fertilized by contact with spermatozoa. He...
viscose
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English ...n. a viscous orange-brown solution obtained by treating cellulose with sodium hydroxide and carbon disulfide, used as the basis of manufacturing rayon fiber and transparent cellulose film. ∎  rayon fabric or fiber made from...
Edifas
Book article from: A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition Edifas Trade name for cellulose derivatives: Edifas A is methyl ethyl cellulose; Edifas B, sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Chinese Markets for Nitro Cellulose Report Profiles Major Producers.
M2 Presswire; 5/14/2009; 700+ words ; ...and Markets: Chinese Markets for Nitro Cellulose Report Profiles Major Producers(C...addition of the "Chinese Markets for Nitro Cellulose" report to their offering. Chinas demand for Nitro Cellulose has grown at a fast pace in the past...
Cellulose in cyanobacteria. Origin of vascular plant cellulose synthase?
Magazine article from: Plant Physiology; 10/1/2001; ; 700+ words ; Although cellulose biosynthesis among the cyanobacteria...to our knowledge, of the presence of cellulose in these organisms. Based on the results...labeling, we report the occurrence of cellulose biosynthesis in nine species representing...
BACTERIA CELLULOSE MAKES E-PAPER, BANDAGES
News Wire article from: United Press International; 4/7/2004; 700+ words ; ...International 04-07-2004 Bacteria cellulose makes e-paper, bandages NEW YORK...Scientists are weaving microbe-generated cellulose -- the substance that makes up wood...pain. Many species of bacteria grow cellulose, including E. coli, a germ that lives...
Cellulose gel helps trim the fat; fiber ingredient lets processors retain rich taste in lowfat formulas. (Casebook)
Magazine article from: Dairy Foods; 5/1/1990; 700+ words ; ...Offers a solution to this hurdle with Avicel cellulose gel. Avicel can contribute fat-like organoleptic...as a whole. Microcrystalline marvel Avicel cellulose gel is microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), a naturally occurring cellulose that...
Purified cellulose fibers show promise in reinforced thermoplastics. (Close-Up: Additives).
Magazine article from: Plastics Technology; 2/1/2003; ; 700+ words ; Purified cellulose fibers could be the next lightweight reinforcements...Madison, Wis., on reinforcing nylon 6 with cellulose fibers. CreaFill Fibers Corp., a maker of specialty cellulose fibers and powders, is exploring cellulose reinforcement...
'Cellulose Insulation Saved My Life': Environmentally Friendly Product Retards Flames; Allows Homeowner To Escape Unharmed
PR Newswire; 10/10/1996; 700+ words ; ...Why? At least some of the credit goes to the cellulose insulation in the attic, which slowed the spread...I didn't think about fire at all when I chose cellulose -- I chose cellulose strictly because of it's superior R-value...
Cellulose Synthesis in Phytophthora infestans Is Required for Normal Appressorium Formation and Successful Infection of Potato(W)
Magazine article from: Plant Cell; 3/1/2008; ; 700+ words ; Cellulose, the important structuralcompound of...Here, wefunctionally characterize four cellulose synthase genes (CesA) in the oomycete...phylogenetic group most closely related to the cellulose synthases of cyanobacteria. Expression...
Cellulose Synthesis in Phytophthora infestans Pathogenesis
Magazine article from: Plant Cell; 3/1/2008; ; 700+ words ; ...the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans has a cell wall composed mainly of cellulose. Cellulose synthesis in plants involves regulation of two groups of cellulose synthases (CesA), specific for primary and secondary cell wall formation...
Effect of cellulose concentration in NMMO * [H.sub.2]O solution on prediction of MW and MWD of cellulose using a rheology-based method.(N-methlymorpholine-N-oxide monohydrate)(molecular weight distribution)(Technical report)
Magazine article from: Polymer Engineering and Science; 3/1/2009; ; 700+ words ; INTRODUCTION Cellulose is the most common organic compound...and rayon are known as "regenerated cellulose fibers", which are usually made from...molecular weight distribution (MWD) of cellulose, which is a raw material of Lyocell...
Crystalline Cellulose Reduces Plasma Glucose Concentrations and Stimulates Water Absorption by Increasing the Digesta Viscosity in Rats1,2
Magazine article from: The Journal of Nutrition; 10/1/2005; ; 700+ words ; ABSTRACT Although cellulose is generally considered not to affect...found previously that the ingestion of cellulose elevated the viscosity of the gastric...examined the effects of crystalline cellulose on plasma glucose concentrations by...