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Sir Raymond Unwin
Sir Raymond Unwin , 1863-1940, English architect and town planner. He designed the first English garden city near Letchworth, the New Earwick development in Yorkshire, and Hampstead Garden near London. He lectured on housing and city planning at the Univ. of Birmingham (1911-14) and Columbia Univ. (...
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Henry Wright
Henry Wright 1878-1936, American landscape architect and community planner, b. Lawrence, Kans., studied architecture at the Univ. of Pennsylvania. He was widely recognized as a leader in the movement for the building of better communities. He served (1918) as town planner for the Housing Division o...
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Sir Ebenezer Howard
Sir Ebenezer Howard 1850-1928, English town planner, principal founder of the English garden-city movement. His To-morrow: a Peaceful Path to Real Reform (1898), reissued as Garden Cities of To-morrow (1902), outlined a model self-sustaining town that would combine town conveniences and industr...
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Victor Gruen
Victor Gruen , 1903-80, American architect, often called the inventor of the modern shopping mall, b. Vienna as Viktor David Grünbaum. In Vienna, he studied at the Technological Institute and Academy of Fine Arts, worked for Peter Behrens , and opened (1933) his own architectural firm. He fled...
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Georges Eugène Haussmann, Baron
Georges Eugène Haussmann, Baron , 1809-91, French civic official and city planner. Distinguished for his bold alterations in the layout of Paris under Napoleon III, he is largely responsible for the city's present appearance. To create adequate traffic circulation, old streets were widened an...
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Albert Speer
Albert Speer , 1905-81, German architect and National Socialist (Nazi) leader. A member of the Nazi party from 1931, he became its official architect after Hitler came to power. His grandiose but coldly eclectic designs include the stadium at Nuremberg (1934). A highly efficient organizer, Speer bec...
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Appalachian Trail
Appalachian Trail officially Appalachian National Scenic Trail, hiking path, 2,144 mi (3,450 km) long, passing through 14 states, E United States. Conceived in 1921 by Benton MacKaye , forester and regional planner, and completed in 1937, the trail extends along the ridges of the Appalachian ...
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Appalachian Trail
Appalachian Trail officially Appalachian National Scenic Trail, hiking path, 2,144 mi (3,450 km) long, passing through 14 states, E United States. Conceived in 1921 by Benton MacKaye , forester and regional planner, and completed in 1937, the trail extends along the ridges of the Appalachian ...
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Jules Hardouin Mansart
Jules Hardouin Mansart , 1646-1708, French architect. He studied under his great-uncle François Mansart and under Libéral Bruant. Favored by Louis XIV, he was ennobled and in 1699 made chief architect for the royal buildings. After enlarging the royal château of Saint-Germain-en-...
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Frederick Law Olmsted
Frederick Law Olmsted 1822-1903, American landscape architect and writer, b. Hartford, Conn. Although his Walks and Talks of an American Farmer in England had appeared in 1852, Olmsted first attained fame for journalistic accounts of his travels in the American South during the early 1850s. In th...
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