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Patrick Colquhoun
Patrick Colquhoun , 1745-1820, British economist and statistician, b. Scotland. Active in civic affairs in Glasgow (where he founded the chamber of commerce) and London, he became known for his Treatise on the Police of the Metropolis (1795, 7th ed. 1806), written from his experience as a police m...
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budget
budget inclusive list of proposed expenditures and expected receipts of any person, enterprise, or government for a specified period, usually one year. Budget estimates are based on the expenditures and receipts of a similar previous period, modified by any expected changes. The governmental budget...
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Ellis Island
Ellis Island island, c.27 acres (10.9 hectares), in Upper New York Bay, SW of Manhattan island. Government-controlled since 1808, it was long the site of an arsenal and a fort, but most famously served (1892-1954) as the chief immigration station of the United States. It is estimated that 40% of al...
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hedge fund
hedge fund in finance, a highly speculative, largely unregulated investment device. Originating in the 1950s, the funds "hedge" by offsetting "short" positions (borrowing a security and then selling it at a higher price before repaying the lender) against "long" positions (borrowing mon...
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census
census periodic official count of the number of persons and their condition and of the resources of a country. In ancient times, among the Jews and Romans, such enumeration was mainly for taxation and conscription purposes. The introduction of the modern census—a periodic and thorough statist...
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universe
universe totality of matter and energy in existence. The study of the origin of the universe, or cosmos, is known as cosmogony, and that of its structure and evolution, cosmology . The age of the universe depends on which theory of cosmology one accepts. According to the big bang theory, favor...
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Americans with Disabilities Act
Americans with Disabilities Act U.S. civil-rights law, enacted 1990, that forbids discrimination of various sorts against persons with physical or mental handicaps. Its primary emphasis is on enabling these persons to enter the job market and remain employed, but it also outlaws most physical bar...
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post-traumatic stress disorder
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), mental disorder that follows an occurrence of extreme psychological stress, such as that encountered in war or resulting from violence, childhood abuse, sexual abuse, or serious accident. The stressful event is usually followed by a period of emotional numbnes...
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Hengelo
Hengelo (Hoboken) A Middle Devensian interstadial dating from about 40 000 years BP, when estimated July temperatures in the Netherlands were about 10°C. Together with the Moershoofd and Denekamp interstadials, the Hengelo is equivalent to the Upton Warren Interstadial of the British Isles....
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Ring nebula
Ring nebula planetary nebula in the northern constellation Lyra; cataloged as M57 or NGC 6720. It is perhaps the most famous and beautiful nebula of this type. Its name describes the appearance of the expanding shell of gas. The nebula is estimated to be more than 5,000 light-years distant.
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