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conceptual art
conceptual art art movement that began in the 1960s and stresses the artist's concept rather than the art object itself. Growing out of minimalism , conceptual art turned the artist's thoughts and ideas themselves into the primary artistic medium, appealing to the spectator's intellect instead of ...
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Donald Herbert Davidson
Donald Herbert Davidson 1917-2003, American philosopher, b. Springfield, Mass., grad. Harvard (B.A., 1939; Ph.D., 1949). A student of W. V. Quine , Davidson emerged as one of the major figures in post-World War II analytic philosophy. His early work in the theory of decision-making was followed by...
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conceptualism
conceptualism in philosophy, position taken on the problem of universals , initially by Peter Abelard in the 12th cent. Like nominalism it denied that universals exist independently of the mind, but it held that universals have an existence in the mind as concept. These concepts are not arbitrar...
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biometrics
biometrics also known as biostatistics or biometry, in biology, the development and application of statistical and mathematical methods to the analysis of data resulting from biological observations and phenomena. Biometrics is used in clinical trials evaluating the relative effectiveness o...
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universals
universals in philosophy, term applied to general or abstract objects such as concepts, qualities, relations, and numbers, as opposed to particular objects. The exact nature of a universal deeply concerned thinkers in the Middle Ages. The extreme realists, following Plato, maintained that universal...
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Nam June Paik
Nam June Paik , 1932-2006, Korean-American artist, b. Seoul. A performance and conceptual artist, Paik worked mainly with video, integrating visual images with music. A characteristic work, Fin de Siecle II (1989-90; Whitney Mus., New York City), incorporates hundreds of television monitors, confr...
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Jenny Holzer
Jenny Holzer 1950-, American artist, b. Gallipolis, Ohio. She links text and image in works of art composed of short aphorisms or longer declarations. Influenced by Dada , conceptual art, and feminism, her works range from printed signs to LED word sculptures and from a huge electronic billboard i...
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Tim Berners-Lee
Tim Berners-Lee (Sir Timothy Berners-Lee), 1955-, British computer scientist, b. London, grad. The Queen's College, Oxford (B.A. 1976). He joined CERN , near Geneva, Switzerland, as a consultant software engineer in 1960. While there he wrote for his own private use a program for storing informati...
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cognitive psychology
cognitive psychology school of psychology that examines internal mental processes such as problem solving, memory, and language. It had its foundations in the Gestalt psychology of Max Wertheimer , Wolfgang Köhler , and Kurt Koffka , and in the work of Jean Piaget , who studied intellect...
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Kurt Lewin
Kurt Lewin , 1890-1947, American psychologist, b. Germany, Ph.D. Univ. of Berlin, 1914. He taught at the Univ. of Berlin before coming to the United States in 1932. He was professor (1935-44) of child psychology at the Univ. of Iowa and director (from 1944) of the research center for group dynamics ...
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