|
Hillary Rodham Clinton
Hillary Rodham Clinton , 1947-, American lawyer and political figure, wife of U.S. President Bill Clinton , b. Chicago, grad. Wellesley College (B.A. 1969), Yale Law School (L.L.B., 1973). After law school she served on the House panel that investigated the Watergate affair . She was in private pr...
Read more
|
|
|
Democratic party
Democratic party American political party; the oldest continuous political party in the United States.
Origins in Jeffersonian Democracy
When political alignments first emerged in George Washington's administration, opposing factions were led by Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson ...
Read more
|
|
|
Republican party
Republican party American political party.
Origins and Early Years
The name was first used by Thomas Jefferson's party, later called the Democratic Republican party or, simply, the Democratic party . The name reappeared in the 1850s, when the present-day Republican party was founded. At ...
Read more
|
|
|
pragmatism
pragmatism , method of philosophy in which the truth of a proposition is measured by its correspondence with experimental results and by its practical outcome. Thought is considered as simply an instrument for supporting the life aims of the human organism and has no real metaphysical significance. ...
Read more
|
|
May Fourth Movement
May Fourth Movement (1919), first mass movement in modern Chinese history. On May 4, about 5,000 university students in Beijing protested the Versailles Conference (Apr. 28, 1919) awarding Japan the former German leasehold of Jiaozhou, Shandong prov. Demonstrations and strikes spread to Shanghai, a...
Read more
|
|
|
Carl Lotus Becker
Carl Lotus Becker 1873-1945, American historian, b. Blackhawk co., Iowa. He taught history at Dartmouth College (1901-2), at the Univ. of Kansas (1902-16), and at Cornell Univ. (1917-41). After retirement he was professor emeritus and university historian at Cornell. Among his early works were mono...
Read more
|
|
|
Sophists
Sophists , originally, itinerant teachers in Greece (5th cent. BC) who provided education through lectures and in return received fees from their audiences. The term was given as a mark of respect. Protagoras was perhaps the first to style himself a Sophist and to receive payment for his instructi...
Read more
|
|
|
Hashemi Rafsanjani
Hashemi Rafsanjani (Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani) , 1934-, Iranian religious and political leader, president of Iran (1989-97). A Shiite clergyman and supporter of Ayotallah Khomeini , Rafsanjani was imprisoned several times during the 1960s and 70s for his political activities. After the ouster ...
Read more
|
|
|
pragmatic sanction
pragmatic sanction decision of state dealing with a matter of great importance to a community or a whole state and having the force of fundamental law. The term originated in Roman law and was used on the continent of Europe until modern times. The Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, issued by Charles...
Read more
|
|
Karl von Clausewitz
Karl von Clausewitz , 1780-1831, Prussian general and military strategist. Clausewitz was an original thinker most influenced by the Napoleonic wars in which he fought. He served in the Rhine campaigns (1793-94), won the regard of Gerhard von Scharnhorst at the Berlin Military Academy, and served in...
Read more
|
