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Neoconservatism
NEOCONSERVATISM NEOCONSERVATISM was primarily an intellectual movement of Cold War liberal Democrats and democratic socialists who moved rightward during the 1970s and 1980s. The term was apparently coined in 1976 by an opponent, the socialist Michael Harrington. By and large, neoconservatives... Read more |
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Norman Podhoretz
Norman Podhoretz , 1930-, American editor and essayist, b. Brooklyn, N.Y. As editor in chief (1960-95) of Commentary, he turned the Jewish monthly into an influential forum for social criticism and American neoconservatism. He subsequently became a senior fellow at the Hudson Institute, a think... Read more |
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Julien Benda
Julien Benda , 1867-1956, French novelist and critic. A humanist and rationalist, he led a sustained attack against the romantic philosophy of his time, especially that of Bergson. In The Treason of the Intellectuals (1927, tr. 1928) he accused his contemporary thinkers of abandoning truth and... Read more |
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Neoliberalism
NEOLIBERALISM. The concept of neoliberalism is an interesting one in that, first, it is a label commonly used by its opponents rather than by its adherents. As with all such labels, the tendency for caricature may at times overtake the need for faithful rendition of the underlying idea. As the term... Read more |
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Allan Bloom
Allan David Bloom Allan David Bloom (1930-1992) was an American political philosopher, professor, and author. An advocate of the Western philosophical tradition, he translated classic authors such as Plato and Rousseau, but he was best known for his criticism of American higher education and what... Read more |
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Hu Shih
Hu Shih , 1891-1962, Chinese philosopher and essayist, leading liberal intellectual in the May Fourth Movement (1917-23). He studied under John Dewey at Columbia Univ., becoming a lifelong advocate of pragmatic evolutionary change. While professor of philosophy at Beijing Univ., he wrote for the... Read more |
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Henry Seidel Canby
Henry Seidel Canby 1878-1961, American editor and critic, b. Wilmington, Del., grad. Yale, 1899. He taught at Yale for over 20 years, achieving professorial rank in 1922. He established and edited (1920-24) the Literary Review of the New York Evening Post, afterward joining with others to found... Read more |
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May Fourth Movement
May Fourth Movement (1919), first mass movement in modern Chinese history. On May 4, about 5,000 university students in Beijing protested the Versailles Conference (Apr. 28, 1919) awarding Japan the former German leasehold of Jiaozhou, Shandong prov. Demonstrations and strikes spread to Shanghai,... Read more |
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Perry Miller
Perry Miller 1905-63, U.S. historian, b. Chicago. He received his Ph.D. from the Univ. of Chicago in 1931 and taught at Harvard from 1931 until his death. A towering figure in the field of American intellectual history, Miller wrote extensively, especially about colonial New England. In The New... Read more |
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Mikhail Bakhtin
Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin Russian philosopher and literary critic Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin (1895-1975) was the central figure of an intellectual circle that focused on the social nature of language, literature, and meaning in the years between World War I and World War II. Though his major... Read more |
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