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market research
market research organized use of sample surveys, polls , focus groups, and other techniques to study market characteristics (e.g., ages and incomes of consumers; consumer attitudes) and improve the efficiency of sales and distribution. Development of new products, opening of new markets, measureme...
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marketing
marketing in economics, that part of the process of production and exchange that is concerned with the flow of goods and services from producer to consumer. In popular usage it is defined as the distribution and sale of goods, distribution being understood in a broader sense than the technical ec...
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commodity market
commodity market organized traders' exchange in which standardized, graded products are bought and sold. Worldwide, there are 48 major commodity exchanges that trade over 96 commodities, ranging from wheat and cotton to silver and oil. Most trading is done in futures contracts, that is, agreements ...
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over-the-counter
over-the-counter method of buying and selling securities outside the organized stock exchange. Unlike an organized stock exchange , the over-the-counter market is composed of dealers who negotiate most transactions by telephone and computer. For the most part, dealers purchase stocks for their own...
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advertising
advertising in general, any openly sponsored offering of goods, services, or ideas through any medium of public communication. At its inception advertising was merely an announcement; for example, entrepreneurs in ancient Egypt used criers to announce ship and cargo arrivals. The invention of print...
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stock exchange
stock exchange organized market for the trading of stocks and bonds (see bond ; stock ). Such markets were originally open to all, but at present only members of the owning association may buy and sell directly. Members, or stock brokers , buy and sell for themselves or for others, charging comm...
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telemarketing
telemarketing the practice of selling goods or services to customers by means of the telephone or of surveying consumer preferences in telephone conversations. Telemarketing firms use trained staff and automatic, rapid-dial equipment to make the telephone calls; when conducting surveys, telemarkete...
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hedging
hedging in commerce, method by which traders use two counterbalancing investment strategies so as to minimize any losses caused by price fluctuations. It is generally used by traders on the commodities market . Typically, hedging involves a trader contracting to buy or sell one particular good at ...
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Joseph Geating McCoy
Joseph Geating McCoy 1837-1915, American cattle-trade pioneer, b. Sangamon co., Ill. He selected Abilene, Kans., as the site for a railroad shipping center for the marketing of Western cattle. In 1867 he purchased a tract of land, built stockyards and facilities, and advertised his plan, which resu...
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Dow Jones Average
Dow Jones Average indicators used to measure and report value changes in representative stock groupings on the New York stock exchange . There are four different averages—industrial stocks, transportation stocks, utility stocks, and a composite average of all three. The index was started in ...
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