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Karlstad
Karlstad , city (1990 pop. 52,930), capital of Värmland co., S Sweden, on Lake Vänern. It has ironworks and machine shops and other industries that manufacture forest products and heavy machinery. Known as Thingvalla (or Tingvalla) in the Middle Ages, it was chartered by Charles IX as Karl...
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Christian IV
Christian IV 1577-1648, king of Denmark and Norway (1588-1648), son and successor of Frederick II. After assuming (1596) personal rule from a regency, he concentrated on building the navy, industry, and commerce. He rebuilt Oslo and renamed it Christiania. Aroused when Charles IX of Sweden asse...
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Hamina
Hamina , Swed. Fredrikshamn, city (1996 pop. 9,925), South Finland prov., SE Finland, on the Gulf of Finland. Hamina is an important port. Timber and wood products are exported. Originally named Veckelaks, it was a noted trade center in the Middle Ages. The Treaty of Fredrikshamn (1809), by which ...
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Kebnekaise
Kebnekaise [Lappish,=kettle top], mountain peak, 6,965 ft (2,123 m) high, Norrbotten prov., N Sweden; highest in Sweden. There are 16 small glaciers on the slopes.
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Kalmar Union
Kalmar Union combination of the three crowns of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, effected at Kalmar, Sweden, by Queen Margaret I in 1397. Because the kingship was elective in all three countries, the union could not be maintained by inheritance. Nationalist forces used the election procedure to modif...
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Tartu
Tartu , Ger. and Swed. Dorpat, city (1994 pop. 105,844), E Estonia, a port on the Ema River. The second largest city of Estonia, it is an important industrial and cultural center and a rail junction. Food processing, metalworking, printing and publishing, and the production of leather footwear and...
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Avesta
Avesta , city (1990 est. pop. 16,860), Kopparberg co., S central Sweden, on the Dalälven River. Aluminum and high quality steel are manufactured there. Formerly a copper mining and refining center, Avesta was the seat of copper minting in Sweden from 1644 to 1831.
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Klaipeda
Klaipeda , formerly Memel , city (1993 pop. 206,400), W Lithuania, on the Baltic Sea, at the entrance to the Courland Lagoon. An ice-free seaport and an industrial center, it has shipyards and industries producing textiles, fertilizers, and wood products. It is the home of a large fishing fleet. ...
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Triple Alliance
Triple Alliance in European history, any of several coalitions. 1 The Triple Alliance of 1668 was formed by the Netherlands, England, and Sweden against France after Louis XIV had invaded the Spanish Netherlands in the War of Devolution . Largely because of the initiative of the Dutch statesman ...
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Falun
Falun , city (1990 pop. 33,256), capital of Kopparberg co., S central Sweden; chartered 1624 and again in 1641. It is the headquarters of Sweden's oldest company, the Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Aktiebolag, founded (1347) to operate the copper mines of Falun (no longer mined). The company, which hel...
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