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Taiping Rebellion
Taiping Rebellion 1850-64, revolt against the Ch'ing (Manchu) dynasty of China. Perhaps the most important event in 19th-century China, it was led by Hung Hsiu-ch'üan, a visionary from Guangdong who evolved a political creed influenced by elements of Christianity. His object was to found a new...
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Frederick Townsend Ward
Frederick Townsend Ward 1831-62, American adventurer, b. Salem, Mass. A soldier of fortune, he served with William Walker in Nicaragua and with the French forces in the Crimean War. Ward arrived in Shanghai in 1859, when the Taiping Rebellion was at its height. Hired by the Chinese authorities ...
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Jingdezhen
Jingdezhen or Fowliang , city (1994 est. pop. 294,000), NE Jiangxi prov., China, on the Chang River. It is world famous for its fine porcelain, made since the Han dynasty (202 BC-AD 220) from the white clay, kaolin, found near Poyang Lake to the west. Coal is mined in the region. The city reache...
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Tseng Kuo-fan
Tseng Kuo-fan , 1811-72, Chinese general and statesman of the Ch'ing dynasty. He organized (1853) the Hunan army, the first of the great regional armies that were raised to suppress the Taiping Rebellion. Appointed governor-general of Jiangsu, Anhui, and Jiangxi provs. (1860), Tseng coordinated the ...
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Li Hung-chang
Li Hung-chang , 1823-1901, Chinese statesman and general. His first success was as a commander of forces fighting the Taiping Rebellion. As viceroy of the capital province of Zhili (1870-95), he controlled Chinese foreign affairs for the Empress Dowager Tz'u Hsi. Li was the chief negotiator of the T...
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Suzhou
Suzhou Soochow , or Wuxian , city (1994 pop. 710,900), SE Jiangsu prov., E central China, on the Grand Canal near Tai Lake. Suzhou, famous for its silks since the Sung dynasty, is still a silk center; it also has cotton and embroidery manufactures and food-processing, pharmaceutical, and...
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Triad Society
Triad Society name given to a number of Chinese antidynastic secret societies by 19th-century Western observers. Most of these groups claimed descent from the Heaven and Earth Society (Taendi hui) or the Triad Society (Sanhe hui), two secret societies of the late 17th cent. that had originated in F...
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Charles George Gordon
Charles George Gordon 1833-85, British soldier and administrator. He served in the Crimean War, went to China in the expedition of 1860, taking part in the capture of Beijing, and in 1863 took over the command of F. T. Ward , who had raised a Chinese army to suppress the Taiping Rebellion . For t...
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Nanjing
Nanjing or Nanking [southern capital], city (1994 est. pop. 2,224,200), capital of Jiangsu prov., E central China, in a bend of the Chang (Yangtze) River. It has served at times in the past as capital of China. The second largest city in the region (after Shanghai), Nanjing is at the intersecti...
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Zhejiang
Zhejiang or Chekiang , province (1994 pop. 43,410,000), c.40,000 sq mi (103,600 sq km), SE China, on the East China Sea. The capital is Hangzhou . The province includes many islands, notably the Zhoushan Archipelago . Known for its beauty, Zhejiang is one of China's most affluent and most dens...
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