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transcript
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controlling gene
controlling gene A gene that is involved in turning on or off the transcription of structural genes. Two types of genetic element exist in this process: a regulator and a receptor element. A receptor element is one that can be inserted into a gene, making it a mutant, and can also exit from the gene... Read more |
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Transcription
Transcription Transcription is the process in which genetic information stored in a strand of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA. The sequence of the four bases in DNA, which are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T), is preserved in the sequence of the four bases in RNA, which... Read more |
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enhancer
enhancer A region on a DNA molecule that can initiate the transcription of a gene that may be some distance away from the enhancer on the same chromosome. It is activated by DNA-binding proteins, which bind to the enhancer regions and in turn regulate the binding of RNA polymerase to the DNA... Read more |
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intron
intron (intervening sequence) A nucleotide sequence in a gene that does not code for the gene product (compare exon). Introns, which occur principally in eukaryotes, are transcribed into messenger RNA but are subsequently removed from the transcript before translation (see RNA processing). In... Read more |
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phonetics
phonetics , study of the sounds of languages from three basic points of view. Phonetics studies speech sounds according to their production in the vocal organs (articulatory phonetics), their physical properties (acoustic phonetics), or their effect on the ear (auditory phonetics). All phonetics are... Read more |
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Reverse Transcriptase
Reverse Transcriptase Reverse transcriptase is the replication enzyme of retroviruses. Because it polymerizes DNA precursors, reverse transcriptase is a DNA polymerase. However, whereas cellular DNA polymerases use DNA as a template for making new DNAs, reverse transcriptase uses the... Read more |
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regulator gene
regulatory genes Genes that control development by regulating the expression of structural genes responsible for the formation of body components. They encode transcription factors, which interact with regulatory sites of other genes causing activation or repression of developmental pathways. Much... Read more |
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lampbrush chromosome
lampbrush chromosome A type of chromosome found in the oocytes of animals, notably newts and other amphibians, that is characterized by having numerous loops arising from the long axis of the chromosomal arms. Under the microscope this gives an appearance reminiscent of a cylindrical brush of the... Read more |
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histone
histone , any of a class of protein molecules found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells . They complex with the DNA (see nucleic acid ) and pack the DNA into tight masses of chromatin, which have the structure of coiled coils, much like a tangled telephone cord. The molecules are strongly... Read more |
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