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eastern
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Old Believers
Old Believers ETHNONYMS: Beglopopovtsy, Beguny, Belokrinitsy, Bespopovtsy, Chasovennye, Diakonovtsy, Edinoverie, Feodoseevtsy, Filippovtsy, Onufrievtsy, Pomortsy, Popovtsy, Spasovtsy, Staroobriadtsy, Starovery, Stranniki Orientation Identification. The Old Believers include all those... Read more |
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Dictatorship of the Proletariat
DICTATORSHIP OF THE PROLETARIAT The concept of the dictatorship of the proletariat originated with Karl Marx and was applied by Vladimir Lenin as the organizational principle of the communist state after the Russian Revolution. Josef Stalin subsequently adopted it to organize workers' states in... Read more |
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Council of Europe
Council of Europe international organization founded in 1949 to promote greater unity within Europe and to safeguard its political and cultural heritage by promoting human rights and democracy. The council is headquartered in Strasbourg, France. The conventions and treaties signed under the... Read more |
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icon
icon [Gr. eikon =image], single image created as a focal point of religious veneration, especially a painted or carved portable object of the Orthodox Eastern faith. Icons commonly represent Christ Pantocrator, the Virgin as Queen of the Heavens, or, less frequently, the saints; since the 6th... Read more |
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Shock Therapy
SHOCK THERAPY The term shock therapy has come to arouse a great deal of controversy. Its original use was related to the use of electrical shocks as therapy in psychiatric treatment. In economic policy, it has been used to describe powerful austerity measures designed to break spirals of very rapid... Read more |
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Eastern Orthodox Church
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Vladimir Meciar
Vladimir Meciar As one of the most prominent of politicians in a newly de-Communized Eastern Europe, Slovak leader Vladimir Meciar (born 1942) has been called the "architect of his country's independence, " but has also faced criticism for his role in the breakup of the former Czechoslovakia. ... Read more |
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Mikhail Vasilievich Frunze
Mikhail Vasilievich Frunze The Soviet military leader Mikhail Vasilievich Frunze (1885-1925) reformed the Red Army and guided the militarization of the former U.S.S.R. Mikhail Frunze was born on Feb. 2, 1885, in Pishpek (renamed Frunze), Kirghizia, the son of a medical orderly. He attended... Read more |
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Stalinism
Stalinism BIBLIOGRAPHY What is Stalinism? It is not the same as Communism. For if all Communist regimes were Stalinistic, how could one distinguish between Joseph Stalin’s (1879–1953) mass terror, his annihilation policy, and the authoritarian Communist dictatorships in the... Read more |
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Revolutions of 1848
Revolutions of 1848 Series of revolutions in European countries which broke out within a few months...economic depression. The risings began with the February Revolution against Louis Philippe in France, which resulted in the foundation... |
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Glorious Revolution
Glorious Revolution. Title given to the revolution of 1688–9, which resulted in the...and lead England into the war against France that had just begun. Louis...succeeding. In Scotland the Revolution went further. James was deposed... |
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Revolution and Constitution, Era of
Revolution and Constitution, Era of. The American Revolution, the first great democratic revolution, differed profoundly from those that followed...of 1764, then of the Stamp Act of 1765, against which the colonials rose with a ferocity that... |
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Cultural Revolution
Cultural Revolution (1966–76) The ‘Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution’ was initiated by...civil war and the Cultural Revolution transformed into a struggle...moderates led by Deng Xiaoping against the Gang of Four. It... |
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Glorious Revolution in America
Glorious Revolution in America. Political principle...government that discriminated against the Protestant majority. The...so‐called Glorious Revolution—reached America...colony but lacked protection against further royal or imperial... |
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French Revolution
French Revolution. In June 1789 financial...From April 1792 war against Austria and Prussia (joined by Britain...emperor.In Ireland, the Revolution inspired radical enthusiasm...Presbyterians interpreted the Revolution in millenarian and triumphalist... |
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industrial revolution
industrial revolution. In 1837 Louis-Auguste...Lectures on the Industrial Revolution of the Eighteenth Century...Symbolic of the industrial revolution was the use of coal as a source of...religious discrimination against nonconformists, technological... |
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Mexican Revolution, U.S. Military Involvement in the
Mexican Revolution, U.S. Military Involvement in the...interventions into Mexico during the Mexican Revolution. In the first, at Veracruz in 1914, the...satisfy public outrage in the United States against a Villista raid on Columbus, New Mexico... |
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Revolutions of 1989
Revolutions of 1989 Popular risings in East European states against communist governments. Long-suppressed opposition to Soviet-dominated rule erupted spontaneously in most of the Soviet satellite... |
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Russian Revolution of 1905
Russian Revolution of 1905 Series of violent strikes and protests against Tsarist rule in Russia. It was provoked mainly by defeat in the Russo-Japanese War (1904–05). It began on Bloody Sunday... |
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revolutions
...revolutions revolutions are not made...the French Revolution of 1789, is...require that revolutions be made with rosewater?’Revolutions of 1848 a series of revolts against monarchical...nationalism. ... |
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Glorious Revolution
Glorious Revolution The bloodless English revolution of 1688–89 in which JAMES II was removed from the throne...and his two DECLARATIONS OF INDULGENCE suspended penal laws against Roman Catholics and dissenters. The birth of a son to the... |
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Mexican Revolution
Mexican Revolution (1910–40) A period...MEXICO. The roots of the revolution can be traced to the demographic...peasants arose in protest against the new “godless” state...marking the end of the revolution. |
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Russian Revolutions
Russian Revolutions (1917) From the end...despite the 1905 Russian Revolution. The tensions inherent...Petersburg) went on strike against the worsening living...the Petrograd Soviet. Against the wishes of the latter...the summer of 1917. ... |
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industrial revolution
industrial revolution In 1837 Louis‐Auguste...Lectures on the Industrial Revolution of the Eighteenth Century...Symbolic of the industrial revolution was the use of coal as a source...religious discrimination against nonconformists, technological... |
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Velvet Revolution
Velvet Revolution (1989) A term used to...triggered demonstrations against the Czechoslovak regime...increasingly powerless against the ever-growing number...President. The Velvet Revolution was complete, and was confirmed... |
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Cultural Revolution
Cultural Revolution (1966–76) A decade of chaos and...early 1960s prompted him to retaliate against this threat to his ideology-led position...The most violent phase of the Cultural Revolution came to an end with the Ninth Party... |
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Hungarian Revolution
Hungarian Revolution (23 Oct.-4 Nov. 1956) The process of de-Stalinization which was...Ernó Geró proved to be an own goal, as it fuelled popular protest against the leadership. On 23 October 1956, the confused secret police answered... |
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rebellion
...history in general and of revolutions in particular.Most studies of rebellions and revolutions have necessarily...formulated a theory of revolution which stresses the...States and Social Revolutions, 1979), and Charles...society). Arguing ... |
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Hungary
...power in the country's third revolution in a year, on 18 November 1919...ultimately led to the Hungarian Revolution of 1956.The Revolution's defeat led to the exodus...authority was secure internally and against encroachments from the USSR... |
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uprising
...insurgence, mutiny, riot, revolution, coup, coup d'état...act of armed resistance against a government or authority...has failed (a rebellion against the landowners). If...which is an insurrection against military or naval authority... |
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turn
...a turn of the wheel synonyms: rotation, revolution, spin, whirl, gyration, swivel. 2. a...worsen, decline; informal go downhill. turn against after his father died, Bruce turned against his stepmothersynonyms: become hostile to... |
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rebellion
...1. troops putting down a rebellionsynonyms: revolt, revolution, insurrection, insurgence, insurgency, uprising...riot, civil disobedience, resistance. 2. rebellion against rules/fashionsynonyms: defiance, disobedience, resistance... |
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Say you want a revolution.(political parties )(Cover story)
...of the Republican Revolution." But one phrase...hear is "Democratic Revolution." Revolutions are overrated, but...for the Republican Revolution's collapse. The...doesn't stand up against the slogans of opportunity... |
 "Daily News (New York, NY)")
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Revolution on agenda of history
...Egyptians protest against oppression. Picture...Communism but also all revolution. Revolutions are aberrations of...Since they regarded revolutions as foul deeds of anarchists...signalled the demise of revolution. Published by HT ... |
 "Daily News (Colombo, Sri Lanka)")
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Revolution on agenda of history.
...Egyptians protest against oppression. Picture...Communism but also all revolution. Revolutions are aberrations of...Since they regarded revolutions as foul deeds of anarchists...signalled the demise of revolution. For any query with... |
 "The Sunday Independent (South Africa)")
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Boer thrives thanks to ANC government; For the Afrikaner, South Africa still...
...AWB) members against black South...a successful revolution. Revolutions by their nature...they engage in revolution at a time when...force lead a revolution? Revolutions are led by social...segregation, ... |
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rEvolution's Negro Leagues Baseball Mobile Museum Tour for Yellow Roadway...
CHICAGO -- rEvolution, the Chicago-based...States toured the museum. rEvolution's "Times of Greatness...TheGlobalMarketer.com. rEvolution president, John Rowady...by an impartial jury against the best work from dozens... |
 "Daily News Egypt (Egypt)")
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The soft revolution of Dagenham.
Revolution-revolution! "Made in Dagenham" (2010) puts...hopes and failings, yet all united against the unfair treatment they receive courtesy...strike was not an easy one to sustain. Against mounting pressure from work, families... |
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Brown, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Silent Litigation Revolution
...Brown was part of a revolution, and revolutions often have collateral...second civil rights revolution-the legislative actions...regularly campaign for or against the "trial lawyers...weapons in the struggle against our "peculiar ... |
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Where's the revolution? (lesbian and gay movement)
...Kent State, unchecked violence against women, the self-immolation...of color, were working for a revolution. Revolution seems like a largely irrelevant...reproductive freedom and violence against women and children, the standard... |
 "The Boston Globe (Boston, MA)")
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Revolution play role of spoiler against K.C.
REVOLUTION NOTEBOOK FOXBOROUGH - The Revolution played spoilers last night. Shalrie...scored in the 31st minute as the Revolution took a 1-0 victory over Kansas...unbeaten streak (5-0-1) snapped against the Revolution. The ... |
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Revolution are barely kicking They're still dropping -- it's 6 in row
...uphill battle. The Revolution received a break on...should have allowed the Revolution to recover, but instead...apparently surprising the Revolution. The Revolution had...Revolution in an exhibition against Ajax July 21. ... |
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