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linear programming
linear programming solution of a mathematical problem concerning maximum and minimum values of a first-degree (linear) algebraic expression, with variables subject to certain stated conditions (restraints). For example, the problem might be to find the minimum value of the expression x + y subjec...
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monetarism
monetarism economic theory that monetary policy, or control of the money supply, is the primary if not sole determinant of a nation's economy. Monetarists believe that management of the money supply to produce credit ease or restraint is the chief factor influencing inflation or deflation, recess...
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dictator
dictator originally a Roman magistrate appointed to rule the state in times of emergency; in modern usage, an absolutist or autocratic ruler who assumes extraconstitutional powers. From 501 BC until the abolition of the office in 44 BC, Rome had 88 dictators. They were usually appointed by a consul...
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Henry Miller
Henry Miller 1891-1980, American author, b. New York City. Miller sought to reestablish the freedom to live without the conventional restraints of civilization. His books are potpourris of sexual description, quasi-philosophical speculation, reflection on literature and society, surrealistic imagin...
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Thomas Robert Malthus
Thomas Robert Malthus , 1766-1834, English economist, sociologist, and pioneer in modern population study. In An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798, rev. ed. 1803), he contended that poverty and distress are unavoidable, since population increases by geometrical ratio and the means of su...
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William Pierce Rogers
William Pierce Rogers 1913-2001, U.S. government official, b. Norfolk, N.Y. Admitted to the bar in 1937, he served (1947-50) as chief counsel to two Senate investigating committees before becoming (1953) deputy attorney general under President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He lobbied vigorously for passage...
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trust
trust in law, arrangement whereby property legally owned by one person is administered for the benefit of another. Three parties are ordinarily needed for the relation to arise: the settlor, who bequeaths or deeds the property for another's benefit; the trustee, in whose hands the control of the pr...
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freedom of the press
freedom of the press liberty to print or to otherwise disseminate information, as in print, by broadcasting, or through electronic media, without prior restraints such as licensing requirements or content review and without subsequent punishment for what is said. Freedom of the press, which has bee...
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Charles Fourier
Charles Fourier , 1772-1837, French social philosopher. From a bourgeois family, he condemned existing institutions and evolved a kind of utopian socialism. In Théorie des quatre mouvements (1808) and later works he developed his idea that the natural passions of man would, if properly chan...
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Irving Babbitt
Irving Babbitt , 1865-1933, American scholar, b. Dayton, Ohio. At Harvard as professor of French literature from 1912 until his death, he was a vigorous critic of romanticism, deprecating especially the influence of Rousseau on modern thought and art. He and Paul Elmer More initiated a movement, c...
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