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land
land in law, any ground, soil, or earth regarded as the subject of ownership, including trees, water, buildings added by humans, the air above, and the earth below. Private ownership of land does not exist in groups that live by hunting, fishing, or herding; e.g., in pre-Columbian times in America,... Read more |
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cross
cross widely used symbol. In various forms, it can be found in such diverse cultures as those of ancient India, Egypt, and pre-Columbian North America. It also is found in the megalithic monuments of Western Europe. In Christianity The most frequent use of a cross is among Christians, to whom it... Read more |
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Ayahuasca
Ayahuasca Ayahuasca, the hallucinogenic drug favored by many traditional peoples of South America, has in the twentieth century become the center of a major new religious movement in Brazil and began to spread among neo-shamanistic groups in North America and Europe in the 1990s. Ayahuasca (or... Read more |
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Huitzilopochtli
Huitzilopochtli , chief deity of the Aztec, god of war. He is said to have guided the Aztecs during their migration from Aztlán. Usually represented in sculptured images as hideous, he was the object of human sacrifice, particularly of war prisoners. He was also god of the sun, and it was... Read more |
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quinoa
quinoa , tall annual herb ( Chenopodium quinoa ) of the family Chenopodiaceae ( goosefoot family), whose seeds have provided a staple food for peoples of the higher Andes since pre-Columbian times. The plant resembles the related lamb's-quarters of North America; its seeds are threshed, winnowed,... Read more |
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primitive
primitive. Term used with various meanings in the history and criticism of the arts. In its widest sense it is applied to art of societies outside the great Western, Near Eastern, and oriental civilizations, even though much of it was produced by highly sophisticated peoples. Pre-Columbian art,... Read more |
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North American Natives
North American Natives peoples who occupied North America before the arrival of the Europeans in the 15th cent. They have long been known as Indians because of the belief prevalent at the time of Columbus that the Americas were the outer reaches of the Indies (i.e., the East Indies). Most scholars... Read more |
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pre-Columbian art and architecture
pre-Columbian art and architecture works of art and structures created in Central and South America before the arrival of Europeans in the Western Hemisphere. For many years the regions that are now Mexico and Guatemala and the Andean region of South America had been the cradle of indigenous... Read more |
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snuff
snuff preparation of pulverized tobacco used by sniffing it into the nostrils, chewing it, or placing it between the gums and the cheek. The blended tobacco from which it is made is often aged for two or three years, fermented at least twice, ground, and usually flavored and scented. In... Read more |
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South American Natives
South American Natives aboriginal peoples of South America. In the land mass extending from the Isthmus of Panama to Tierra del Fuego, Native American civilizations developed long before the coming of the European. It is estimated that about 30 million Native Americans lived in South America at the... Read more |
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Pre-Columbian North America was no Eden
...Europeans first arrived in North America, they found anything but...impressed English colonists in North America. The prehistoric human imprint on the North American landscape, to a...Native American populations had no ... |
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Study erodes image of pre-Columbian farmers. (evidence of extensive soil...
...shatters the myth of pre-Columbian America as an Eden in which people...in the lake's north basin, they note...to settle just north of Lake Patzcuaro...damage produced by pre-Columbian ... |
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Europe Meets America: Property Rights in the New World
...property-less Eden, in which various...of the major pre-Columbian civilizations...Maya, and North American tribes...eastern seaboard of North America, and so land...developed among North American ... |
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Weighing the Columbus cargo.(COMMENTARY)
...inhabitants of the pre-Columbian lands from...through South America. Cortes the...especially in North America which had far...idealize the pre-Columbian natives and...savage." No doubt ... |
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'Columbus: Fact vs. Fiction' Subject of New Sons of Italy Study.
...Sons of Italy in America (OSIA), the nation...Vikings arrived in North America in 1000 AD, is probably...free "Garden of Eden" that the early...contaminated. Tests on pre-Columbian mummies, recently...20002. (Sorry, ... |
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Brown University Scholar Releases New Book on Native Americans, Ecology.
...Indian" in the Keep America Beautiful commercials...claims the Hohokam were no ecologists. They were...some Europeans that North America was an Eden. Compared to Europe...only thing that saved pre-Columbian ... |