|
Braxton Bragg
Braxton Bragg 1817-76, Confederate general in the U.S. Civil War, b. Warrenton, N.C. A graduate of West Point, he fought the Seminole and in the Mexican War was promoted to lieutenant colonel for distinguished service at Buena Vista. He resigned from the army in 1856 and lived on his Louisiana plan...
Read more
|
|
|
Albert Sidney Johnston
Albert Sidney Johnston 1803-62, Confederate general, b. Washington, Ky. After serving in the Black Hawk War, he resigned (1834) from the U.S. army and went to Texas where he enlisted (1835) in the revolutionary army. Johnston became its commander in 1837 and served as Texas secretary of war, 1838-4...
Read more
|
|
|
Joseph Eggleston Johnston
Joseph Eggleston Johnston 1807-91, Confederate general, b. Prince Edward co., Va., grad. West Point, 1829. He served against the Seminole in Florida and with distinction under Winfield Scott in the Mexican War. Johnston was quartermaster general with the rank of brigadier general when he resigned (...
Read more
|
|
|
Cathay
Cathay , name for North China used by medieval Europeans, derived from the Khitan (or Khitai), a Manchurian people who conquered S Manchuria and N China and founded the Liao dynasty (937-1125). S China was referred to as Mangi. Long after the end of the Liao, the Russians and some central Asian peop...
Read more
|
|
|
Atlanta campaign
Atlanta campaign May-Sept., 1864, of the U.S. Civil War. In the spring of 1864, Gen. W. T. Sherman concentrated the Union armies of G. H. Thomas, J. B. McPherson, and J. M. Schofield around Chattanooga. On May 6 he began to move along the railroad from Chattanooga to Atlanta against Dalton, Ga., ...
Read more
|
|
|
Bene Israel
Bene Israel or Beni Israel [Heb.,=sons of Israel], Jewish community of India, living mostly in and near Mumbai (formerly Bombay). Many thousands of others have settled in Israel since 1948. According to their own legend, they are descended from Jews who fled persecutions in Palestine in the 2d ...
Read more
|
|
|
William Francis Giauque
William Francis Giauque , 1895-1982, American chemist, b. Niagara Falls, Ont., Canada, grad. Univ. of California (B.S., 1920; Ph.D., 1922). A member of the faculty of the Univ. of California from 1922, he became professor in 1934. He was awarded the 1949 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his studies of t...
Read more
|
|
|
Jaja
Jaja , fl. 1869-87, Nigerian merchant prince. A former slave, he became an important trader in Bonny in the 1860s as a middleman between the coastal markets and the Nigerian interior. In 1869 he founded his own state at Opobo on the Gulf of Guinea. From there he controlled supplies of palm oil and o...
Read more
|
|
|
Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard
Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard , 1818-93, Confederate general, b. St. Bernard parish, La., grad. West Point, 1838. As engineer on the staff of Winfield Scott in the Mexican War, he figured prominently in the taking of Mexico City. He later did engineering work in Louisiana, and for five days in J...
Read more
|
|
|
Peninsular campaign
Peninsular campaign in the American Civil War, the unsuccessful Union attempt (Apr.-July, 1862) to capture Richmond, Va., by way of the peninsula between the York and James rivers.
The Plan
Early in 1862, Gen. George B. McClellan , who had kept the Army of the Potomac inactive through th...
Read more
|
