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computer-aided manufacturing
computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), a form of automation where computers communicate work instructions directly to the manufacturing machinery. The technology evolved from the numerically controlled machines of the 1950s, which were directed by a set of coded instructions contained in a punched p...
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Richard Jordan Gatling
Richard Jordan Gatling 1818-1903, American inventor, b. Winton, N.C. He invented agricultural implements, which he manufactured in St. Louis, and then studied medicine in Indiana and Ohio, but he is remembered as the creator of a rapid-firing gun that was the precursor of the modern machine gun. He...
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Oświęcim
Oświęcim , Ger. Auschwitz, town (1992 est. pop. 45,100), Małopolskie prov., SE Poland. It is a railway junction and industrial center producing chemicals, leather, and agricultural implements. There are coal deposits in the vicinity. In World War II the Germans organized a concentr...
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Potsdam Conference
Potsdam Conference meeting (July 17-Aug. 2, 1945) of the principal Allies in World War II (the United States, the USSR, and Great Britain) to clarify and implement agreements previously reached at the Yalta Conference . The chief representatives were President Truman, Premier Stalin, Prime Ministe...
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International Monetary Fund
International Monetary Fund (IMF) An international organization established in 1947 to enhance stability and convertibility in the international monetary system. The Fund assists any member experiencing short-term balance of payments difficulties by supplying the amount of foreign currency it wishe...
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zombi
zombi or zombie , in voodoo , a person believed to have been raised from the grave by a houngan [sorcerer] for purposes of enslavement. The zombi is used by its master to perform heavy manual labor and to implement evil schemes.
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Food and Agriculture Organization
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), specialized agency of the United Nations, established in 1945. The organization is governed by a conference composed of the entire membership (189 nations plus the European Union), which meets at least once biennially, and by a council of 49 members. Each re...
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Alexander Bach
Alexander Bach 1813-93, Austrian politician. A well-known lawyer and liberal, he took part in the revolution of 1848 in Vienna, but after its suppression he joined the forces of reaction. He became minister of justice (1848) and of the interior (1849-59), and after the death (1852) of Prince Schw...
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pen
pen pointed implement used in writing or drawing to apply ink or a similar colored fluid to any surface, such as paper. Various kinds of pens have been used since ancient times. Reeds that were slit or frayed at the end were used in antiquity; similar pens, usually made of bamboo, are commonly em...
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Wicklow
Wicklow town (1991 pop. 6,215), seat of Co. Wicklow, E Republic of Ireland, on the Irish Sea. It is a seaport and market for an area of potato growing and livestock raising. Chemicals, fertilizers, and farm implements are the chief manufactures. There are flour mills in the town. Tourism is also im...
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