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Marxism
Marxism economic and political philosophy named for Karl Marx . It is also known as scientific (as opposed to utopian) socialism. Marxism has had a profound impact on contemporary culture; modern communism is based on it, and most modern socialist theories derive from it (see socialism ). It... Read more |
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Max Horkheimer
Max Horkheimer , 1895-1973, German philosopher and sociologist. As director (1930-58) of the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt, he played an important role in the development of critical theory and Western Marxism. In Eclipse of Reason (1947) and Dialectic of Enlightenment (1947,... Read more |
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Authoritarianism
Personality, Authoritarian BIBLIOGRAPHY The rise of fascist ideology and virulent anti-Semitism in Europe during the 1930s posed important questions for social scientists. Psychologists suggested explanations that drew on both psychoanalysis and Marxism. Wilhelm Reich (1897–1957)... Read more |
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Bolsheviks
BOLSHEVISM Bolshevism was a dissenting movement within Russian Marxism before World War I that became the founding political party of the Soviet Union. The Russian word bolshevik means literally a person in the majority, as opposed to menshevik, a person in the minority. These words originated at... Read more |
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Eduard Bernstein
Eduard Bernstein , 1850-1932, German socialist. From 1872 he was actively associated with the Social Democratic party. In 1878, antisocialist legislation sent him into exile. In 1898, he aroused controversy among German socialists by critiquing Marxism, denying that the collapse of capitalism was... Read more |
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Jose Eduardo dos Santos
José Eduardo dos Santos , 1942-, president of Angola (1979-). Educated in the USSR as an engineer, he was foreign minister in the first government of independent Angola, succeeding Neto as president in 1979. In 1991, he abandoned Marxism and negotiated an end to the civil war with the... Read more |
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Max Eastman
Max Eastman 1883-1969, American author, b. Canandaigua, N.Y., grad. Williams, 1905. For many years a Communist and a leader of American liberal thought, he edited the left-wing periodicals The Masses (1913-17) and the Liberator (1918-23). His eventual disillusionment with Communism is reflected... Read more |
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Jules Guesde
Jules Guesde , 1845-1922, French socialist, whose original name was Basile. Exiled for his support of the Paris commune, he became a confirmed Marxist after 1876 and, with Paul Lafargue, led in advocating socialism in France and a policy of noncompromise with the existing government. Guesde was... Read more |
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Henry Mayers Hyndman
Henry Mayers Hyndman , 1842-1921, English Socialist, an early advocate of Marxism in England. He was a journalist by profession. In 1881 he founded the parent organization of the Social Democratic Federation, which in 1911 became the British Socialist party, with Hyndman as chairman. In World War I... Read more |
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Li Dazhao
Li Dazhao , 1888-1927, professor of history and librarian at Beijing Univ., cofounder of the Chinese Communist party with Chen Duxiu . He was the first important Chinese intellectual to support the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia. A leader in the May Fourth Movement (1919), he organized several... Read more |
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Marxism
Marxism School of socialism that arose in 19th...is named after Karl Marx. According to Marxism, a communist society was historically...1894) both contain ideas central to Marxism, which forms the basis of communism and... |
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communism
...the generally accepted name for the ideology of Marxism–Leninism, and for the regimes based upon it...most countries of the world (see Comintern).Marxism–Leninism—the version of Marxism propagated by V. I. Lenin (1870–1924... |
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Brecht, Bertolt
...early writings are indebted rather to Expressionism than to the Marxism which was to provide the political mainspring of his work...writer and those who see him as a great writer in spite of his Marxism; equally, his aesthetic theories are seen both as essential... |
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Benjamin, Walter
...translator, and radio scriptwriter. Adopting the principles of Marxism, he befriended Brecht, writing in defence of the playwright...an unusual combination of Jewish mysticism, Modernism, and Marxism. Posthumously selected and republished, notably in Illuminationen... |
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Congo
...Republic of Congo gained independence. In 1964 Congo adopted Marxism-Leninism as the state ideology. The military, led by Marien...power under Colonel Sassou-Nguesso. In 1990 it renounced Marxism and Sassou-Nguesso was deposed. The Pan-African Union... |
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class
...determined by the income and wealth of their parents. A class society is a system based on the unequal distribution of wealth. In Marxism, class is defined in relation to the means of production (land, capital). The bourgeoisie own the means of production... |
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dialectical materialism
dialectical materialism Scientific theory and philosophical basis of Marxism. It asserts that everything is material, and that change results from the struggle of opposites according to definite laws... |
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Eastman, Max (Forrester)
...translation of Trotsky's History of the Russian Revolution (3 vols., 1932–33); Enjoyment of Laughter (1936); Marxism: Is It Science? (1940); Stalin's Russia (1940), showing his hostility to the orthodox Communist party line; and... |
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Hound and Horn
...with Harvard. Kirstein became the sole editor, and the quarterly vacillated thereafter among humanism, Southern regionalism, Marxism, and the neoclassicism of its Western editor, Yvor Winters. In its attempt to publish the best avant‐garde authors, Hound... |
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ideology
ideology Collection of beliefs or ideas reflecting the interests and aspirations of a country or its political system. In the 20th century, the term has been applied to various political theories, including fascism, Marxism, and communism. |
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Marxism
Marxism The system of economic and political ideas...practice of COMMUNISM. At the heart of Marxism lies the materialist conception of history...communism, the ideology later being dubbed ‘Marxism-Leninism’, while other Marxists were... |
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Marxism-Leninism
Marxism-Leninism An interpretation of Communism...sought to adapt the central tenets of Marxism to the experience of Russia, an economically...which had occurred since the development of Marxism. This enabled the propertied classes in... |
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neo-Marxism
neo-Marxism A term loosely applied to any social theory or sociological analysis which draws on the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels... |
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analytical Marxism
...the methodological tenets of Marxism with a variety of alternative...as ‘multiple-regression Marxism’—methodological individualism...untenable positions of earlier Marxisms is neatly captured in their self...objectionable principles of Marxism (such as its ... |
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structuralism
...s psychoanalysis; and the structural Marxism of Louis Althusser.Basic to the approach...up/down, hot/cold). Structural Marxism replaced these mental categories by positions...namely, geology, psychoanalysis, and Marxism. All three reveal hidden (unconscious... |
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Kautsky, Karl
...death he became the main interpreter of Marxism. Together with Eduard Bernstein he later...the German Social Democratic Party to Marxism, though he came to criticize Bernstein...vehemently opposed Lenin's development of Marxism-Leninism in Russia. From Germany... |
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critical theory
...traced back through Hegelianism and Western Marxism generally. The term now describes a very diverse strand of Marxism which, over the past fifty years or so, has drawn...the school was critical of orthodox Marxism, offering an analysis of ideology and... |
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methodological pluralism
...structuralist sociologies, the fragmentation of Marxism into sectarian neo-Marxisms, and the emergence of philosophical relativism...practice of sociology during the previous period. Marxism, idealism, and symbolic interactionism (to... |
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Communism
...classless society, they developed individual ideological variants of Communism to adapt Marxism to the society and economy within which they operated.Communist Parties; Maoism; Marxism-Leninism; Stalinism; Trotskyism; Gramsci |
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communism
...the hands of LENIN and his successors in the Soviet Union, MARXISM was transformed into a doctrine justifying state control of all...increasingly criticized in the West, even by those sympathetic to Marxism, for its economic inefficiency, its lack of genuine democracy... |
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communism
communism • noun synonyms: state ownership, collectivism, Sovietism, Bolshevism, Marxism, Leninism. |
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socialism
socialism • noun my appreciation for certain aspects of socialism does not mean I'm a socialistsynonyms: leftism, welfarism; radicalism, progressivism, social democracy; communism, Marxism, labor movement. |
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After Marxism.
Brian Fay, Wesleyan University By Marxism, Aronson does not just mean a theory...radically a social order. In this sense, Marxism is not purely intellectual but is a visionary...that "nowhere in the world today does Marxism remain a significant historical project... |
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Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History. (Book Reviews).(Book Review)
...position (p.I) that is dubbed 'post-Marxism', which is espoused in the face of widespread...which attempts to retrieve something of Marxism through a critique of what is called 'classical Marxism' here; and two, an intellectual history... |
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Anti-Essentialist Marxism and Radical Institutionalism: Introduction to the...
...Common Ground? Anti-Essentialist Marxism and Radical Institutionalism," which...connections between anti-essentialist Marxism and radical institutionalism. My goal...a bit of background about this kind of Marxism, as it is likely to be unknown to many... |
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KEYNOTE SPEECH BY H.E. AMBASSADOR LIU XIAOMING AT THE MARXISM IN CHINA SEMINAR.
...pleasure to meet so many British scholars of Marxism and share thoughts with you on Marxism in China. It strikes me that the timing, venue...underway across China. The CPC was born out of Marxism and has stood the tests of time and adversity... |
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Marxism in the U.S.A: from 1870 to the present day.
MARXISM IN THE U.S.A.: From 1870 to the Present...effort trying to get the questions right. Marxism in the U.S.A.: From 1870 to the Present...is a history of the American left, with Marxism as the common denominator. Buhle is sympathetic... |
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Main Currents of Marxism: The Founders, the Golden Age, the Breakdown.(Book...
Main Currents of Marxism by Leszek Kolakowski. Norton, 1,284...massive study, argues, "At present Marxism neither interprets the world nor changes...completely remote from those with which Marxism originally identified itself." Originally... |
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Goran Therborn: From Marxism to Post Marxism?(Book review)
Goran Therborn From Marxism to Post Marxism? Verso: London, 2008; 194 pp.: 9781844671885, 14.99...concludes that 'the left is on the defensive', and that for Marxism in particular, one must accept that its social dialectic needs... |
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Marxism and linguistic communication-1
...cultural studies in the importance of Marxism as a way of understanding the complexities...linguistic communication. From the beginning, Marxism did not figure prominently in the writings...recent interest in the conjunction between Marxism and language can be partly ... |
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Marxism and Spirituality: An International Anthology.
...considerable distaste, and the idea that Marxism itself may have spiritual qualities is...given by Marx. And if this is so, then Marxism has to be granted an intrinsically spiritual...anthology, spirituality is exactly what Marxism needs to reclaim itself in its present... |
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Some Thoughts on Marxism and Ancient Greek History.
...Under the Bedclothes and Waited for Marxism to Go Away Few theories have had their death announced quite so often as Marxism. Its death, if such it is, would...1) They typically respond to Marxism in one of several ways: (1) credit... |
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