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Wappinger
Wappinger , confederation of Native North Americans of the Algonquian branch of the Algonquian-Wakashan linguistic stock (see Native American languages ). In the early 17th cent. they occupied the east bank of the Hudson River from Poughkeepsie to Manhattan Island and ranged E into Connecticut. The...
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closed shop and open shop
closed shop and open shop The term "closed shop" is used to signify an establishment employing only members of a labor union. The union shop, a closely allied term, indicates a company where employees do not have to belong to a labor union when hired but are required to join within a specified ...
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Hastings
Hastings city (1996 pop. 58,495), SE North Island, New Zealand, close to Napier. It has extensive food-processing industries, including meatpacking, canning, and dairy processing.
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Luis Muñoz Marín
Luis Muñoz Marín , 1898-1980, Puerto Rican political leader, governor of Puerto Rico (1949-65). He abandoned a career as poet and journalist in New York City to enter Puerto Rican politics. In 1938 he organized and headed the Popular Democratic party, campaigned vigorously for social a...
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Chuck Close
Chuck Close (Charles Thomas Close), 1940-, American painter, b. Monroe, Wash., grad. Univ. of Washington (B.A., 1962), Yale Univ. (B.F.A., 1963; M.F.A., 1964). After studying in Vienna (1964-65), he moved (1968) to New York City. Since then Close has specialized in huge, coolly expressionless singl...
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switch
switch electrical device having two states: on, or closed; and off, or open. Ideally a switch offers a zero impedance to a current when it is closed, and it offers infinite impedance when open. Mechanical switches, which operate by moving contacts together and apart, are often classified by the n...
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Havana
Havana , Span. La Habana , city (1997 est. pop. 2,200,000), capital of both Cuba and of Ciudad de la Habana prov., W Cuba; largest city and chief port of the West Indies and one of the oldest cities in the Americas. Havana is the political, economic, and cultural center of Cuba . An important hub ...
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Ordovician period
Ordovician period [from the Ordovices, ancient tribe of N Wales], second period of the Paleozoic era of geologic time (see Geologic Timescale , table) from 505 to 438 million years ago. It was similar to the preceding Cambrian period , with shallow seas spread for most of the time over the Brit...
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public land
public land in U.S. history, land owned by the federal government but not reserved for any special purpose, e.g., for a park or a military reservation. Public land is also called land in the public domain. Except in Texas, which made retention of its public lands one of the conditions for joining t...
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apotheosis
apotheosis , the act of raising a person who has died to the rank of a god. Historically, it was most important during the later Roman Empire. In an emperor's lifetime his genius was worshiped, but after he died he was often solemnly enrolled as one of the gods to be publicly adored. Apotheosis is c...
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