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John Dewey
John Dewey 1859-1952, American philosopher and educator, b. Burlington, Vt., grad. Univ. of Vermont, 1879, Ph.D. Johns Hopkins, 1884. He taught at the universities of Minnesota (1888-89), Michigan (1884-88, 1889-94), and Chicago (1894-1904) and at Columbia from 1904 until his retirement in 1930. Hi...
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William Heard Kilpatrick
William Heard Kilpatrick , 1871-1965, American philosopher, b. White Plains, Ga., grad. Mercer College, 1891, Ph.D. Columbia, 1912, and studied at Johns Hopkins Univ. He taught at Teachers College, Columbia, from 1909, becoming professor of the philosophy of education in 1918; he retired in 1938. Ac...
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naturalism
naturalism in philosophy, a position that attempts to explain all phenomena and account for all values by means of strictly natural (as opposed to supernatural) categories. The particular meaning of naturalism varies with what is opposed to it. It is usually considered the opposite of idealism , i...
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Randolph Silliman Bourne
Randolph Silliman Bourne , 1886-1918, American author, b. Bloomfield, N.J., grad. Columbia Univ., 1912. His critical examination of the American way of life established him as a spokesman for his generation. The books he wrote on progressive education, The Gary Schools (1916) and Education and Li...
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Hu Shih
Hu Shih , 1891-1962, Chinese philosopher and essayist, leading liberal intellectual in the May Fourth Movement (1917-23). He studied under John Dewey at Columbia Univ., becoming a lifelong advocate of pragmatic evolutionary change. While professor of philosophy at Beijing Univ., he wrote for the i...
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Thomas Hill Green
Thomas Hill Green 1836-82, English idealist philosopher. Educated at Oxford, he was associated with the university all his life. He was professor of moral philosophy there from 1878 until his death. In his Introduction to Hume's Treatise on Human Nature (1874), Green struck a heavy blow at tradit...
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May Fourth Movement
May Fourth Movement (1919), first mass movement in modern Chinese history. On May 4, about 5,000 university students in Beijing protested the Versailles Conference (Apr. 28, 1919) awarding Japan the former German leasehold of Jiaozhou, Shandong prov. Demonstrations and strikes spread to Shanghai, a...
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George Herbert Mead
George Herbert Mead , 1863-1931, American philosopher and psychologist, b. South Hadley, Mass., grad. Oberlin, 1883, and Harvard, 1888, and studied in Leipzig and Berlin. He taught at the Univ. of Chicago from 1894 until his death. The work of John Dewey and of Mead may be regarded as complementary....
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Wesley Clair Mitchell
Wesley Clair Mitchell 1874-1948, American economist, b. Rushville, Ill. He received his Ph.D. (1899) from the Univ. of Chicago, where he studied under Thorstein Veblen and John Dewey, and he taught at several institutions, including the Univ. of California, Columbia, and the New School for Social R...
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Ernest Nagel
Ernest Nagel 1901-85, American philosopher, b. Nové Město (now in the Czech Republic), grad. College of the City of New York, 1923, and Columbia (Ph.D., 1930). His family emigrated to the United States in 1911. He joined (1931) the philosophy faculty of Columbia, where he became (1955) ...
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