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Wojciech Jaruzelski
Wojciech Jaruzelski , 1923-, Polish military and political leader. He fought in World War II, became a general in 1956, and began his rise in the Communist party in 1960. During the 1981 crisis involving the trade union Solidarity , Jaruzelski became premier and party leader. Known as a moderate,... Read more |
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Solidarity
Solidarity Polish independent trade union federation formed in Sept., 1980. Led by Lech Wałęsa , it grew rapidly in size and political power and soon posed a threat to Poland's Communist government by its sponsorship of labor strikes and other forms of public protest. Rural Solidarity, a... Read more |
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Lech Walesa
Lech Wałęsa , 1943-, Polish labor and political leader. He worked as an electrician at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk but was dismissed in 1976 for his antigovernment protests. In 1980 striking workers at the shipyard won his reinstatement, and he assumed leadership of the independent... Read more |
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Henryk Gorecki (Polish composer)
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Polish foreign relations
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Joseph Pilsudski
Joseph Piłsudski , Pol. Józef Piłsudski , 1867-1935, Polish general and politician. He was exiled (1887-92) to Siberia for an alleged attempt on the life of Czar Alexander III, who ruled a large section of Poland. On his return he joined the Polish Socialist party and began (1894)... Read more |
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Moriz Rosenthal
Moriz Rosenthal , 1862-1946, Polish pianist; pupil of Liszt . He made his debut in Vienna in 1876, and later made many tours of the United States, settling there in 1938. He was considered one of the greatest pianists of his time, retaining his powers almost until the end of his life.... Read more |
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Polish Americans
POLISH AMERICANS by Syd Jones Overview Poland, the seventh largest country in Europe, occupies an area of 120,727 square miles—some-what larger than the state of Nevada. Located in east-central Europe, it is bordered to the east by Russia and the Ukraine, the Czech Republic and... Read more |
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Lodz
Łódź , city (1993 est. pop. 842,300), capital of Łódzkie prov., central Poland. The second largest city of Poland and an important industrial center, Łódź has long been the center of the Polish textile industry, but the industry has declined since the... Read more |
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Adam Mickiewicz
Adam Mickiewicz A poet and Polish nationalist, Adam Bernard Mickiewicz (1798–1855) occupies a central position in the literature of his country. Polish students study and memorize his epic poem Pan Tadeusz (Master Thaddeus), and his writings have effectively connected the cause of Polish... Read more |
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Why so determined to pour money into Poland?
...to help Poland win access to the...have been renewed U.S. bank lending...and "direct U.S. government assistance...State for Gen. Jaruzelski, "all of these...detente? Will sanctions now be reimposed...leads ... |
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2005 - Solidarity's Silver Anniversary
...Security troop's opened fire...strongman General Jaruzelski insists that...Their no-win war in Afghanistan...and a fear of U.S.-led sanctions seem to haveprecluded...things will end up, but even...ambassador ... |