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imam imam
imam [Arab.,=leader], in Islam, a recognized leader or a religious teacher. Among the Sunni the term refers to the leader in the Friday prayer at the mosque; any pious Muslim may function as imam. The term has also been used as a synonym for caliph (see caliphate ), the vicegerent of God. The ... Read more
Ismaili Ismaili
Ismaili a member of a branch of Shiite Muslims that seceded from the main group in the 8th century because of their belief that Ismail, the son of the sixth Shiite imam, should have become the seventh imam. The Ismailis eventually split into many sects, of which the best known is the Nizari sect,... Read more
Ismailis Ismailis
Ismailis , Muslim Shiite sect that holds Ismail, the son of Jafar as-Sadiq, as its imam . On the death of the sixth imam of the Shiites, Jafar as-Sadiq (d. 765), the majority of Shiites accepted Musa al-Kazim, the younger son of Jafar, as seventh imam. Those who remained faithful to Ismail, the... Read more
Yemen Arab Republic Yemen Arab Republic
YEMEN ARAB REPUBLIC The official name of North Yemen from 1962 until its 1990 merger with South Yemen. The emergence of North Yemen as a single political unit in modern times was largely a function of both the reoccupation of the country by the Ottomans in 1849 and the Yemeni resistance... Read more
Shiites Shiites
Shiites [Arab., shiat Ali, =the party of Ali], the second largest branch of Islam, Shiites currently account for 10%-15% of all Muslims. Shiite Islam originated as a political movement supporting Ali (cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam) as the rightful leader of the Islamic... Read more
Ahmad Ibn Hanbal Ahmad Ibn Hanbal
Ahmad Ibn Hanbal , 780-855, Muslim jurist and theologian. His disciples founded the fourth of the four major Sunni schools of jurisprudence, the Hanbali. Ibn Hanbal's conception of law was principally influenced by hadith which led him to reject the officially sanctioned theology that promoted the... Read more
Samarra Samarra
Samarra , town, N central Iraq, on the Tigris River. It is on the site of an ancient settlement and has given its name to a type of Neolithic pottery of the 5th millennium BC The present town was founded (836) by the Abbasid caliphs. Samarra's 17th-century, golden-domed mosque complex, sacred to... Read more
Aga Khan Aga Khan
Aga Khan , the title of the religious leader and imam of the Ismaili Nizari sect of Islam, originally bestowed by the Persian shah Fath Ali on Hasan Ali Shah, 1800-1881, the 46th Ismaili imam, in 1818. The first Aga Khan was also appointed as the governor of the province of Kirman, a position he... Read more
Lockup Lockup
LOCKUP A place of detention in a police station, court or other facility used for persons awaiting trial. In corporate law, a slang term that refers to the setting aside of securities for purchase by friendly interests in order to defeat or make more difficult a takeover attempt. A lockup option is... Read more
Ali Ali
Ali (Ali ibn Abu Talib), 598?-661, 4th caliph (656-61). The debate over his right to the caliphate caused a major split in Islam into Sunni and Shiite branches, and he is regarded by the Shiites as the first Imam, or leader: Shiite derives from the phrase shi-at Ali [Ar.=the party of Ali].... Read more

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