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basketball
basketball game played generally indoors by two opposing teams of five players each. Basketball was conceived in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith , a physical education instructor at the YMCA college in Springfield, Mass., as a way to condition outdoor athletes during the winter months. His original lis...
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army
army large armed land force, under regular military control, organization, and discipline.
Ancient Armies
Although armies existed in ancient Egypt, China, India, and Assyria, Greece was the first country known for a disciplined military land force. The Greeks made military service obligat...
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soccer
soccer outdoor ball and goal game, also called association football or simply football. The first recorded game probably was that on a Shrove Tuesday in Derby, England, part of a festival to celebrate a victory over a contingent of Roman troops (AD 217). By 1175 the Shrove Tuesday soccer game was a...
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ice hockey
ice hockey team sport in which players use sticks to propel a hard, round disk into a net-backed goal.
Rules and Equipment
Ice hockey is played on a rectangular rink with curved corners whose length may vary from 184 to 200 ft (56-61 m), its width from 85 to 98 ft (26-30 m). Six players&m...
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physiotherapy
physiotherapy The modern development of physiotherapy as a branch of professional health care began to take shape in the last few decades of the nineteenth century. Earlier physical treatments — in particular hydrotherapy, exercise, and massage — in Europe have their roots in antiquity...
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golf
golf game of hitting a small hard ball with specially made clubs over an outdoor course sometimes (particularly if it is near the coast) called a links. The object is to deposit the ball in a specified number of cups, or holes, using as few strokes as possible. Although golf's place of origin is un...
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National Education Association
National Education Association (NEA), organization of professional educators in the United States, with almost 2.5 million members. The NEA was founded (1850) as the National Teachers Association, changed its name in 1857, and was chartered by Congress in 1906. Its 13 standing committees and 7 divi...
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Jack William Nicklaus
Jack William Nicklaus 1940-, American golfer, b. Columbus, Ohio. He began playing golf at the age of 10 and before becoming a professional in late 1961 was considered by many the greatest amateur golfer since Bobby Jones . In his first year as a professional in 1962 he defeated Arnold Palmer in ...
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Fox sisters
Fox sisters family of American spiritualists including Margaret, 1836-93, Leah, 1814-90, and Catherine, 1841-92. In 1848, Margaret and Catherine claimed to hear mysterious rappings in their Arcadia, N.Y., home. Claiming the sounds to be communication from spirits, the sisters became the found...
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American Association of University Professors
American Association of University Professors (AAUP), organization of college and university teachers. It was founded (1915) for the purpose of defending faculty rights, most notably academic freedom and tenure (see tenure , in education). It also addresses the issues of college and university g...
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